Publication Type: Draft

D A T A

A N A L Y S I S

S O L U T I O N S

Abraham Wing
Elementary School Access Plan
Glens Falls, New York
Prepared for:
Adirondack/Glens Fall
Transportation Council

October 26, 2009
Final Report

Report Prepared by:

6 0 L a k e S t r e e t , S u i t e 1 E , B u r l i n g t o n , V e r m o n t 0 5 4 0 1
T E L 8 0 2 . 3 8 3 . 0 1 1 8


F A X 8 0 2 . 3 8 3 . 0 1 2 2

w w w . r s g i n c . c o m

October 26, 2009 Final Report Abraham Wing Elementary School Access Plan
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION…………………………………………… ………………………………1
1.1 School Background………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 1
2.0 EXISTING CONDITIONS…………………………………………… ………………………2
2.1 Functional Classification…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2
2.2 Roadway Characteristics ………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………. 3
2.3 Pedestrian and Bicycle Facilities ……………… ……………………………………………………………………………….. 7
2.4 School Access Characteristics …………………. ……………………………………………………………………………….. 8
2.5 Traffic Volumes and Speeds …………………….. …………………………………………………………………………….. 11
2.6 Parking …………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………. 13
3.0 SAFETY…………………………………………… ……………………………………….15
4.0 SCHOOL SURVEY…………………………………………………………………………16
5.0 ISSUES…………………………………………… ………………………………………..17
6.0 RECOMMENDATIONS……………………………………………………………………17
6.1 Plan 2 and 3: School Area Improvements …………. ……………………………………………………………………… 17
6.2 Plan 4: School Zone Traffic Control Signs ………. …………………………………………………………………………. 20
6.3 Programmatic Changes …………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………. 20
6.4 Cost Estimates ………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………… 22
7.0 PUBLIC INPUT…………………………………………… ……………………………….22
8.0 SUMMARY…………………………………………… …………………………………..23
L
IST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Abe Wing Elementary School in Glens Falls , New York ………………………………………………………………… 1
Figure 2: Functional Classification (NOTE: local ro ads will be shown in next plan revision) ……………………………. 3
Figure 3: Cross-Section Location ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4
Figure 4: Typical Cross-Sections ………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 4
Figure 5: School Speed Limit Zones …………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………. 5
Figure 6: Advance Warning Sign and Reduced Speed Li mit Assembly …………………………………………………………. 6
Figure 7: School Signage Deficiencies………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………. 6
Figure 8: Pedestrian and Bicycle Facilities …….. ………………………………………………………………………………………… 7
Figure 9: Pedestrian and Bicycle Access ………… ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 7
Figure 10: School Access Points ……………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………… 8
Figure 11: Arrival and Line Up at the Grades K-2 En trance on McDonald Street …………………………………………. 10
Figure 12: McDonald Street during Arrival………. ……………………………………………………………………………………. 10
Figure 13: Orchard Street Access to the School ….. …………………………………………………………………………………. 10
Figure 14: AM & PM Traffic Volumes at McDonald Stre et/Lawrence Street Intersection…………………………….. 11

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Figure 15. Level-of-Service Criteria for Signalized and Unsignalized Intersections ……………………………………… 12
Figure 16: Level of Service Results – Existing Cond itions…………………………………………………………………………. 12
Figure 17: Level of Service Results – Optimized …. ………………………………………………………………………………….. 13
Figure 18: Speed Study Results ………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… . 13
Figure 19: Parking …………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 14
Figure 20: Parking Inventory ………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………… 14
Figure 21: Crash Locations 2005-2008 …………… …………………………………………………………………………………….. 15
Figure 22: Student Travel Mode to School (AM) …… ………………………………………………………………………………. 16
Figure 23: Student Travel Mode to Home (PM)…….. ………………………………………………………………………………. 16
Figure 24: Pavement Treatments ………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………… 18
Figure 25: Exclusive Pedestrian Phase Pavement Mark ings at the Lawrence St/McDonald St intersection ……. 19
Figure 26: Flashing Beacons and Speed Limit Sign …………………………………………………………………………………. 20
Figure 27: Recommendation Cost Estimates ……….. ……………………………………………………………………………….. 22

Appendix A: Conceptual Plans
Appendix B: Meeting Notes
Appendix C: Travel-to-School Survey
Appendix D: Traffic Data
Appendix E: Speed Data
Appendix F: Safety Data
Appendix G: Walking School Bus Information
Appendix H: AAA Northway’s School Safety Patrol Pro gram Information

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1.0 INTRODUCTION
This study examines walking, biking and vehicular a ccess issues at the Abraham Wing Elementary School
in Glens Falls, NY. The school is classified as a “ walking school,” as it is not dominated by excessiv e bus
traffic or an auto-centric campus and its students all reside less than one mile away. This report pre sents
a summary of existing conditions, summarizes the ma jor access and safety issues and includes program
and transportation facility design recommendations to help improve access for all transportation modes
serving the school.
The study is funded by the Adirondack/Glens Falls T ransportation Council (AGFTC) and has been
prepared by Resource Systems Group, a traffic engin eering and transportation planning consulting firm.
This report is based on three primary sources of in formation: field observations by Resource Systems
Group, Inc. (RSG), meetings with school officials a nd traffic and safety data provided by AGFTC.
1.1 School Background
The Abraham Wing Elementary School (“Abe Wing”) is part of the Glens Falls Common School District
and has roughly 187 students in daily attendance. T he school has Kindergarten through Sixth Grades.
Students in the special education program are picke d up and dropped off via a school bus to another
school. There are about 32 faculty and staff member s at the school including teachers, administrative
staff, maintenance staff, and others. Roughly 25-3 0 students participate in the breakfast program.
The school is located between Orchard Street and Mc Donald Street to the west and east, respectively, and
between Dix Avenue and Lawrence Street to the north and south, respectively. The location of the school
proximate to downtown Glens Falls and the school ca tchment boundary (about 0.6 miles from the school)
is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1: Abe Wing Elementary School in Glens Falls , New York1

1 School district boundaries, as defined by the school Principal for the 2008-2009 school year. Note th at there are several “spurs” that
extend off of the boundary, which indicates that st udents from that road attend the Abe Wing School, w hereas roads outside of the
boundary and without spurs are not included in the district.

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2.0 EXISTING CONDITIONS
2.1 Functional Classification
Abe Wing is located within a grid of streets and ro ads that serve different functions within the overa ll
highway system. Functional classification is a mean s of grouping similar roadways based on their role
within the transportation system. The groupings are based on each road’s ability to perform two
functions, which work in opposition:
– Mobility: provide capacity for high volumes of thro ugh traffic, with longer trip distances,
traveling at higher speeds, and
– Access: provide safe and efficient access to adjace nt land and between different types of
roadways.
Listed in order from greatest mobility/least access to least mobility/greatest access, the classification
system is organized as follows:
Interstates – roadways that accommodate a large amo unt of traffic at higher speeds with no
direct access to adjacent land.
Principal Arterials –roadways that accommodate mode rately high traffic volumes and speeds
with some access to adjacent land
Minor Arterials – interconnects the principal arter ial system; lower priority on mobility and
higher priority on access
Collector Roads – provide land access and traffic c irculation; may enter residential areas;
connects arterials to local roads
Local Roads – typically residential in nature; thro ugh traffic is discouraged; slow vehicular
speeds, access to land is the highest priority; on- street parking is common and travel lanes are
often shared with pedestrians and cyclists.
Abe Wing Elementary has the advantage of being surr ounded by three local roads: Orchard Street,
McDonald Street and Lawrence Street. Design treatme nts that provide for pedestrian and bicycle access,
accommodate parking and encourage slower speeds are all consistent with the function of these local
streets. Within the school’s catchment area, there is one principal arterial that students may encount er
(Warren Street) and several minor arterials, includ ing Dix Avenue, Ridge Street, Haskell Avenue and
Maple Street (Figure 2). These streets will have mo re traffic and higher speeds, but are less of a concern
because they are not directly adjacent to the schoo l.

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Figure 2: Functional Classification (NOTE: local ro
ads will be shown in next plan revision)

2.2 Roadway Characteristics
The roads surrounding Abe Wing Elementary School ar e all two-way with one lane in each direction of
travel. There are no turn lanes at intersections in the study area. Four to six foot wide sidewalks line both
sides of Lawrence and McDonald Streets, and there a re no sidewalks on Orchard Street. Figure 3 and
Figure 4 show the typical cross sections for the th ree roads that bound the Abe Wing School property.

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Figure 3: Cross-Section Location

Figure 4: Typical Cross-Sections

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The intersection of Lawrence Street and McDonald St reet is controlled by a traffic signal with “No Turn
on Red (during school days)” restrictions for all a pproaches. This signal has a 60 second cycle length : 28
seconds for the North/South approaches, 26 seconds for the East/West approaches, 3 seconds of yellow
and zero seconds of red clearance per phase. (Note that typical signal phasing includes 1-2 seconds of red
clearance per phase). This signal timing is in effe ct during the AM and PM peak hours. There are
pedestrian crosswalks on all approaches, however no pedestrian signal equipment.
The intersection of Lawrence Street and Orchard Str eet is controlled by stop signs on the Orchard Street
approaches.
Speed limit restrictions to 15 miles per hour are i n place throughout the study area. School crossing signs
accompany most school zone speed limit signs. Outsi de of the school speed zone the speed limit is 30
miles per hour. The locations of existing signs mar king these areas are shown in Figure 5.
Figure 5: School Speed Limit Zones

Per the 2003 Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devi ces (MUTCD), 1 the following standards and
guidelines2 pertain to school warning and speed limit signs:
1. Standard: the School Advance Warning assembly shall be used…in advance of the first
installation of the School Speed Limit assembly (Fi gure 6).
2. Standard: If used, the School Advance Warning assem bly shall be installed not less than 45 m
(150 ft) nor more than 210 m (700 ft) in advance of the school grounds or school crossings.
1 Federal Highway Administration, Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices, Part 7: Traffic Controls for School Areas, 2003 ed. 2 The MUTCD defines a “standard” as a statement of r equired, mandatory, or specifically prohibitive practice regarding a traffic control
device; and is often described by using the verb “s hall”. A “guidance” is a statement of recommended b ut not mandatory practice that is
often indicated by the word “should”.

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3. Guidance: the reduced speed zone should begin eithe r at a point 60 m (200 ft) from the
crosswalk, or at a point 30 m (100 ft) from the sch ool property line, based on whichever is
encountered first as traffic approaches the school.
The MUTCD also recommends using flashing beacons in critical situations, “…where greater emphasis of
the special school speed limit is needed.” Comments from school officials indicate that most other
elementary schools in the Glens Falls area have fla shing beacons on their advance warding assembly
signs.
Figure 6: Advance Warning Sign and Reduced Speed Li mit Assembly

The location of the existing advanced warning signs satisfy the MUTCD standards. The location of the
existing reduced speed limit signs are inconsistent with the MUTCD guideline (100’ from the school
property line). In most instances the “school speed limit 15” signs are posted between 50’ and 225’ from
the school property or on school property itself. T hese deficiencies are noted in Figure 7.
Figure 7: School Signage Deficiencies

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2.3 Pedestrian and Bicycle Facilities
Four to five foot wide sidewalks line both sides of many streets in the immediate vicinity of the scho ol,
with the exception of Orchard Street which has no s idewalks on either side north of the school (Figure 8).
Crosswalks in the immediate vicinity of the school, most of which are worn and faded, are also shown i n
Figure 8. There is a crosswalk missing on the east s ide of the Lawrence St/Orchard St intersection.
Figure 8: Pedestrian and Bicycle Facilities

All 4th, 5th and 6th grade students are eligible to ride their bicycle to school. Any 3rd grade students that
have participated in the “Bike Rodeo” are also allo wed to ride their bicycle to school.1 The school bike
rack is located behind the school in the playground /line-up area.
Figure 9: Pedestrian and Bicycle Access

Crossing guard at the Lawrence/McDonald Intersection
About seven students biked to school this day.
1 Abraham Wing School Policies and Procedures, Page 4.

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2.4 School Access Characteristics
About 40% of Abe Wing students walk or ride their b icycle to school (based on a survey conducted by the
school and summarized in Section 4.0 below); all ot hers either carpool, are dropped off in vehicles, or
arrive via a different mode. A crossing guard monit ors the intersection of Lawrence Street/McDonald
Street. Sidewalks are present on both sides of Lawr ence Street and McDonald Street; sidewalks are
present on the east side of Orchard Street for the length of the school building, no sidewalks are pre sent
on Orchard Street north the school.
The school designates where children enter and exit the building as follows:
Grades K-2: at the rear of the school (north) from the east wing (close to McDonald
Street)
Grades 3-6: at the rear of the school from the west wing (close to Orchard Street)
The entrances are marked as they are used in Figure 10. During school hours, all entrances are closed
except for the Main Entrance.
Figure 10: School Access Points

During the drop-off and pick-up periods, vehicles t ypically are parked on both sides of McDonald and
Orchard Streets. Children line up in the rear of th e building in the playground area adjacent to the G rades
K-2 entrance (See Figure 11, page 8). The following is a schedule of typical start and end times
throughout the school day:
7:50 am – Crossing guard arrives
8:00 am – Breakfast program begins
8:15 am – Students begin to line up in rear of buil ding

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8:30 am – School Begins
8:40 am – Crossing guards depart
– School in Session –
2:40 pm – Crossing guards arrive
2:45 pm – School Ends
3:10 pm – Crossing guards depart
3:45 pm – Thursday homework club ends
The following observations were noted by RSG on May 21, 2009:
Arrival Observations:
o Since the line-up areas are in the rear (north side ) of the school, most parents drop off
their children on Orchard and McDonald streets.
o Most of the Students dropped off on Orchard Street are from vehicles traveling in the
northbound direction. These vehicles are adjacent t o the school and students can exit
directly from the passenger side of the vehicle to access through a marked walkway
located between two handicapped parking spaces in t he faculty/staff parking area
(Figure 11). When there is more than one vehicle in the drop off area, students pass
between other parked cars.
o Some students are dropped off from vehicles traveli ng southbound on Orchard Street.
To reach the school, students must cross the street – which is not marked with a
crosswalk or designated as a drop-off area. These v ehicles do not always pull out of the
travel lane and occasionally block traffic.
o One vehicle was observed performing a U-Turn in the middle of Orchard Street after
dropping a student off.
o Along McDonald Street, southbound vehicles can pull up directly adjacent to sidewalks
to unload students. In the northbound direction, st udents need to cross the street before
reaching the school (Figure 12).
Dismissal Observations:
o 75% of vehicles on McDonald Street were parked on t he northbound side of the street
(25% on the southbound side)
o It was common to observe double-parked vehicles (si milar to arrival period as shown in
Figure 12)
o Most parents got out of their vehicles and walked o ver to pick-up their kids. In some
cases, parents parked in the travel lane on Orchard Street across from the striped
walkway that provides access to the school (Figure 13). When this occurred, kids were
observed running across Orchard Street to their par ent’s car without looking.
Lawrence/McDonald Traffic Signal Observations:
o Right Turn on Red prohibition was periodically igno red
o Red-light running was observed

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Figure 11: Arrival and Line Up at the Grades K-2 En
trance on McDonald Street

Figure 12: McDonald Street during Arrival
Short-term congestion during arrival Students cross ing the street after being dropped off.
Figure 13: Orchard Street Access to the School

Marked walkway between handicapped parking spaces
Faculty/Staff Parking along Orchard Street drop off area
Location of Walkway

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2.4.1 Seasonal Access Issues
The drop-off and pick-up routines are most critical during the winter months when large snow banks can
decrease the width of the streets and reduce sight distance, effectively reducing traffic to one-way. The
Glens Falls School District removes the snow banks on the school’s side of the streets. The City
Department of Public Works is responsible for remov ing the rest of the snow banks.
2.4.2 Training & Awareness Programs
The school does not have a set curriculum for teach ing kids that focuses on traveling safely to and from
school. Teachers address walking and biking in thei r classes and safety is occasionally addressed at
monthly student assemblies. Third and fourth grader s (55 kids) participate in the bike rodeo (provided
by the Cornell Cooperative Extension). Third grader s can only ride to school if they’ve completed the bike
rodeo. Students in the 4
th, 5th and 6th grades are allowed to ride a bike to school even i f they have not
participated in the bike rodeo.
2.4.3 Planned Renovations
Renovations and a new library addition, which is lo cated in the rear/center of the building, will be built
during the summer of 2009. There are no changes to parking, driveways, or sidewalks as part of the
project.
2.5 Traffic Volumes and Speeds
Turning movement counts were conducted by RSG at th e McDonald Street/Lawrence Street intersection
during the AM (7:45 – 8:45) and PM (2:30 – 3:30) pe ak hours on 21 May 2009. The volumes at this
intersection are shown in Figure 14.
Figure 14: AM & PM Traffic Volumes at McDonald Street/ Lawrence Street Intersection
AM Peak Hour6420237
12918113421106
1832132
PM Peak Hour25113012
1176373713189
1446129McDonald St
McDonald St
McDonald St
McDonald St
Lawrence St
Lawrence St Lawrence St
Lawrence St

2.5.1 Level of Service Definition
Level-of-service (LOS) is a qualitative measure des cribing the operating conditions as perceived by
motorists driving in a traffic stream. LOS is estim ated using the procedures outlined in the 2000 High way

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Capacity Manual. In addition to traffic volumes, ke y inputs include the number of lanes at each
intersection and the traffic signal timing plans. T he LOS results are based on the existing lane
configurations and control types (signalized or uns ignalized) at each study intersection.
The 2000 Highway Capacity Manual defines six quali tative grades to describe the level of service at an
intersection. Level-of-Service is based on the aver age control delay per vehicle. Figure 15 shows the
various LOS grades and descriptions for signalized and unsignalized intersections.
Figure 15. Level-of-Service Criteria for Signalized and Unsignalized Intersections
Unsignalized Signalized
LOS Characteristics Total Delay (sec) Total Delay ( sec)
A Little or no delay ≤ 10.0 ≤ 10.0
B Short delays 10.1-15.0 10.1-20.0
C Average delays 15.1-25.0 20.1-35.0
D Long delays 25.1-35.0 35.1-55.0
E Very long delays 35.1-50.0 55.1-80.0
F Extreme delays > 50.0 > 80.0
The delay thresholds for LOS at signalized and unsignalized intersections differ because of the driver’s
expectations of the operating efficiency for the re spective traffic control conditions. According to H CM
procedures, an overall LOS cannot be calculated for two-way stop-controlled intersections because not all
movements experience delay. In signalized and all-w ay stop-controlled intersections, all movements
experience delay and an overall LOS can be calculat ed.
2.5.2 Level of Service Analysis
The Synchro (v7) software program was used to estim ate level of service at the Lawrence St/McDonald
St intersection during the AM and PM peak hours. Th e results for existing conditions are presented in
Figure 16 (Detailed Synchro LOS worksheets are avai lable in Appendix D). In addition to level of service
and delay, the Volume to Capacity Ratio (v/c) is sh own. The v/c ratio is another measure used to descr ibe
the amount congestion. A v/c ratio greater than 1.0 indicates that there are more vehicles attempting to
travel through an intersection or one of its approa ches than can be accommodated for a specific amount
of time (usually and hour).
Figure 16: Level of Service Results – Existing Cond itions
Signalized IntersectionsLOSDelayv/cLOSDelayv/c
Lawrence St/McDonald St
OverallA100.08A100.10
Eastbound, on Lawrence StB100.05B100.10
Westbound, on Lawrence StB100.07B100.08
Northbound, on McDonald StA90.09A90.10
Southbound, on McDonald StA90.07A90.07
2009 – Existing Conditions
AMPM

These results indicate that this signal operates ef ficiently and has no congestion issues. However, fi eld
observations indicate that this intersection can be improved to accommodate all modes with the
following changes:

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The addition of all-red clearance time, to allow ve hicles to clear the intersection before the next
signal phase;
The addition of a pedestrian interval after every c ycle during school hours, which will stop traffic
in all directions; and
Optimization of the cycle length and splits.
The results of these changes are given in Figure 17 .
Figure 17: Level of Service Results – Optimized
Signalized IntersectionsLOSDelayv/cLOSDelayv/c
Staple St/3rd St
OverallB160.15B170.17
Eastbound, on Lawrence StB190.12B170.06
Westbound, on Lawrence StB190.10B170.11
Northbound, on McDonald StB150.17B160.12
Southbound, on McDonald StB140.11B170.22
2009 – Optimized
AMPM

This optimization assumes a 40-second cycle length with the following phases;
13 seconds North/South; 7 sec green, 4 sec yellow and 2 sec all-red clearance;
12 seconds East/West; 6 sec green, 4 sec yellow and 2 sec all-red clearance;
15 seconds Pedestrian Phase; 4 sec walk, 9 sec flas h don’t walk, and 2 sec yellow.
2.5.3 Speeds
Speed studies were also conducted on the same day o n McDonald, Lawrence, and Orchard Streets using a
radar gun. The 85th percentile speed is commonly used to establish pos ted speed limits. It represents the
speed at which 85% of drivers feel comfortable driv ing at or below (i.e. only 15% of drivers are observed
driving faster than the 85
th percentile speed). Figure 18 shows the recorded 85th percentile speeds during
the respective observation periods.
Figure 18: Speed Study Results
85th Percentile
Speed (mph)
Observation
Time
Orchard Street22.57:50am
McDonald Street26.39:15am
Lawrence Street24.011:00am
The posted speed limit on these three streets is 15 mph. The 85th percentile speeds on all three streets
exceeded the posted speed limit.
Detailed vehicle speed data can be found in Appendi x E.
2.6 Parking
Parking is provided for along the streets surroundi ng the school as shown in Figure 19. Un-restricted,
on-street parking is allowed on most of Orchard and McDonald Streets. Short-term parking is provided
for on Lawrence Street and on sections of McDonald Street and is controlled by signs limiting the
duration to 15 minutes. Parking is prohibited on se ctions of Lawrence and McDonald Street with “No

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Parking Stopping or Standing” and “No Parking Here to Corner” signs as shown (Figure 19). None of the
on-street spaces are delineated with striping.
Figure 19: Parking

Parking for the school is located in spaces along O rchard Street and consists of 16 head-in spaces (tw o of
which are designated for handicap use) and 5 parall el spaces. Vehicles parked in the head-in spaces
obstruct the view of the Orchard Street student dro p-off and pick-up area (see Figure 10, page 8). The
school does not have a parking policy that regulate s use of these spaces. The parking spaces are available
on a first-come first-serve basis. Any overflow park ing is accommodated by the other parking on-street
spaces along Orchard and McDonald Streets.
Although the on-street parking spaces are not marke d, based on standard on-street parking lengths (22’),
there are 73 parking spaces available in the vicini ty of Abe Wing Elementary School (Figure 20 ).
Figure 20: Parking Inventory
Parking Area
Non-Handicap
Spaces
Handicap
SpacesTotal Spaces
School Parking Area19221
Orchard Street*37037
McDonald Street*16016
Lawrence Street000
TOTAL71273
*In the vicinity of the school property

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3.0 SAFETY
Crash data were obtained from the Adirondack/Glens Falls Transportation Council for the period from
November 30, 2005 – November 30, 2008 in the vicini ty of the school. During this three-year period,
there were a total of 28 crashes including 8 crashe s with injuries. There were zero fatalities and no
reported crashes involving pedestrians or cyclists. Four collisions occurred in the immediate vicinity of
the school; including a sideswipe, a vehicle and tr ee, a rear end, and a left turn and thru movement. Crash
locations are shown in Figure 21.
Figure 21: Crash Locations 2005-20081

Detailed crash data can be found in Appendix F.
1 Seven crash locations were reportedly “unknown,” t herefore only 23 crashes are mapped.

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4.0 SCHOOL SURVEY
The Warren-Washington County Healthy Heart Program conducted a survey of parents’ opinions and
feelings about their children walking or bicycling to school. The survey was conducted in January 2009 .
The results of this survey indicate that 38-43% of students walk or bike to school. The results are sh own
in Figure 22 and Figure 23.
Figure 22: Student Travel Mode to School (AM) Tra ve l to School Mode s
34%
4%59%
3%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
Walk Bike Drop Of f Carpool2008

Figure 23: Student Travel Mode to Home (PM)
Tra ve l to Home Mode s
38%
5%54%
3%
0%
20%
40%
60%
Walk Bike Pick Up Carpool
2008

October 26, 2009 Final Report Abraham Wing Elementary School Access Pl an
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The parents responded that vehicle speeds and crime were the biggest concerns with their children
walking or bicycling to school. Traffic, sidewalks, and traveling alone were listed as other significa nt
concerns. The number one change that parents would like to see to encourage their students to walk or
bike to school was the installation of a Crime Watc h program. Other changes included another student o r
parent to walk with, less traffic, and improved sid ewalks.
When asked about implementing a “Walk to School” pr ogram, parents felt that safety education would be
the most important factor to the program. Other imp ortant elements include designating “safe houses,”
adult supervision, crossing guards and police patro l, signs and sidewalks. When asked if parents would
allow their child to participate in a walk-to-schoo l program, 57% of parents responded they would be
willing; which is a 19-23% increase over the existi ng walking percentage.
The summarized survey data can be found in Appendix C.
5.0 ISSUES
The summary of existing conditions, in combination with on-site field observations, has revealed the
following issues with regard to student arrivals an d departures, and general school safety procedures:
Snow Banks – during winter months, snow banks reduc e the effective width of travel lanes,
restrict drop-off and pick-up areas, and reduce sig ht distances. These issues make it challenging
to drop off and pick up children, reduce the abilit y of drivers to maneuver efficiently and
increase the potential for conflicts. The situation also increases driver frustration which may
occasionally prompt unsafe driving behaviors.
Crime – a potential obstacle to kids walking to sch ool is the number of sexual offenders that,
according to mapping, are distributed throughout th e Abraham Wing School district area. The
school has kept parents aware of this situation. T he parent survey supports this finding.
Drop-off/Pick-up areas – areas are undefined; stude nts are dropped off in front of the school
building on both sides of street; children open the car door onto the street and run across
without looking; difficulty accessing the “line up” area from the roadway.
Sidewalks – there are no sidewalks on Orchard Stree t north of the school building.
Signage – the location of school zone speed limit s igns is not consistent with MUTCD guidelines.
Traffic Signal Phasing – there is no red clearance time and no pedestrian phase.
6.0 RECOMMENDATIONS
Based on the issues described in the previous secti on, a series of recommendations have been developed
for the Abe Wing Elementary School to address these deficiencies. The focus of these recommendations is
to create more efficient and safer methods for appr oaching, circulating and departing from the school.
Each of these recommendations is also depicted in p lan form (if applicable), which is included in
Appendix A of this report. Following this discussio n is Figure 27 which presents 2009 order of magnitu de
cost estimates.
Note that Plan 1 shows the existing conditions at A be Wing Elementary School.
6.1 Plan 2 and 3: School Area Improvements
The immediate school area is defined by the three s treets that bound the school property – Orchard
Street, McDonald Street, and Lawrence Street – and the school property line. Each of these

October 26, 2009 Final Report Abraham Wing Elementary School Access Pl an
Page 18
recommendations can be implemented individually ove r time, or concurrently. The recommendations
presented in this section are shown in Plan 2.
6.1.1 Pavement Markings
School visibility is a key priority to the safety o f its students. To this end, we recommend marking t he
pavement with the word “SCHOOL” on both approaches of these streets, for a total of six locations as
shown in Plan 1.
Existing crosswalks should be enhanced by having lo ng-lasting Streetprint Duratherm Textured Asphalt
Paving, which imprints the look of brick or pavers into the existing asphalt. This textured surface is an
additional reminder to drivers to slow down. Exampl es of these two recommendations are shown in
Figure 24.
Figure 24: Pavement Treatments

“SCHOOL” pavement treatment
Streetprint Duratherm Textured Asphalt
At a minimum in the near term, a painted crosswalk should be installed for the westbound approach at
the Orchard Street/Lawrence Street intersection.
6.1.2 Lawrence Street/McDonald Street Intersection
The Lawrence Street/McDonald Street intersection tr affic signal should be updated with the revised
signal timings recommended in section 2.5.2., which are:
40-second cycle length;
13 seconds North/South (7 sec green, 4 sec yellow a nd 2 sec all-red clearance);
12 seconds East/West (6 sec green, 4 sec yellow and 2 sec all-red clearance);
15 seconds Pedestrian Phase (4 sec walk, 9 sec flas h don’t walk, and 2 sec yellow).
At a minimum, the industry standard of 4 seconds ye llow time and 2 seconds red clearance should be
installed.

October 26, 2009 Final Report Abraham Wing Elementary School Access Pl an
Page 19
Although a school crossing guard is present during key school hours, pedestrian safety would be
enhanced at this intersection by installing pedestr ian equipment and an exclusive pedestrian phase in the
signal timing. These changes would allow pedestrian s to cross the street in any direction, or diagonally
(which is the desired path of many students, based on site observations) while vehicles on all approaches
are stopped by a red light. A pedestrian-actuated p ush-button would allow this phase to be called
whenever a pedestrian is present (rather than every cycle), which would minimize delay to drivers.
Lastly, the addition of exclusive pedestrian phase pavement markings and Streetprint Duratherm
crosswalks would further increase driver awareness and encourage student safety (Figure 25).
Figure 25: Exclusive Pedestrian Phase Pavement Markings at the Lawrence St/McDonald St intersection

6.1.3 Roadway Design Changes
Changes to the existing roadway design are recommen ded to slow vehicles down, increase driver
awareness, and to encourage orderly parking. Recomm endations include:
Install curb bump-outs – to reduce pedestrian cross ing distance and to reduce travel speeds
Remove perpendicular parking and add parallel parki ng on Orchard Street – to improve
circulation and access. Sheet 2 in Appendix A shows the parallel parking alternative. Sheet 3
presents an alternative with perpendicular parking.
Define on-street parking spaces – to minimize impac t of parked vehicles to neighbors, confusion
in parking areas, and improve access to sidewalks a nd crosswalks that directly access the school
Define drop-off/pick-up zones – to create short-ter m parking for students being dropped off and
to move temporarily stopped vehicles out of the roa dway travel lane
Define bus area on McDonald Street – to create a sa fe and efficient means for the school bus to
drop off and pick up students
Stripe centerlines – to indicate to drivers that st opping in the travel lanes is not permitted
Extend sidewalks – to connect new parking and exist ing neighborhoods to the school
All new loading zones and parking areas should be s igned as such. Pavement markings should be used to
reinforce the signage.

October 26, 2009 Final Report Abraham Wing Elementary School Access Pl an
Page 20
6.2 Plan 4: School Zone Traffic Control Signs
As noted in Figure 7: School Signage Deficiencies o n page 6, the existing location for most of the school
speed limit signs is inconsistent with MUTCD guidel ines. The guidelines recommend that reduced speed
limit signs should be installed 100 ft from the sch ool property. Advance Warning signs shall be instal led
200 to 700 ft from the school property. Plan 3 show s the recommended location (and the 100 and 200 ft
perimeter lines) of these signs. The final location may vary somewhat based on field conditions
(driveways, trees, etc.).
Installing flashing beacons on the school speed lim it signs will
further contribute to drivers’ awareness of the sch ool zone. As
there are six approaches to the school property, th ese beacons
can be installed at all locations, or selectively. Based on input
from the October 5, 2009 PTA meeting, the following locations
are the highest priority:
1. Lawrence Street Eastbound
2. McDonald Street Northbound
Flashing beacons should also be installed at the fo llowing
locations as funding is available (the locations ar e listed in
order of highest to lowest traffic volumes):
3. Lawrence Street Westbound
4. McDonald Street Southbound
5. Orchard Street Southbound
6. Orchard Street Northbound

Figure 26: Flashing Beacons and Speed Limit Sign

6.3 Programmatic Changes
While changes to the physical environment can impac t vehicle speeds and pedestrian safety, awareness
and public perception are just as critical to the o verall feelings of safety and security. The followi ng
programmatic changes are recommended; some to suppo rt the physical changes, while others can be
implemented at any time.

October 26, 2009 Final Report Abraham Wing Elementary School Access Pl an
Page 21
1) The School District should assume responsibility fo r removing snow from parking areas, loading
zones, and bus drop-off areas.
2) Develop and conduct a pilot program that allows stu dents that walk home to depart the school five or
ten minutes sooner than students that are being dri ven. This off-set will allow walkers to clear the
school zone before vehicles begin departing and wou ld help avoid potential conflicts. It would also
provide an incentive to students by rewarding those that choose to walk.
3) Encourage a staff member to monitor arrival and dis missal. On-site observations showed that many
parents drop their child off on the opposite side o f the street and allow their children to cross in front
of or behind their car, thereby darting out in fron t of other moving vehicles. Staff supervision would
aid in the training of parents to pull into the loa ding zone or a parking spot and escorting their
children to the nearest sidewalk. The same behavior should be encouraged for dismissal.
4) Organize “walking school buses,” which is a group o f children walking to school with one or more
adults. Parents can take turns walking kids to scho ol; picking up children at their houses along the
way. Safety is just one accomplishment of this prog ram; camaraderie and fitness are other positive
byproducts. Additional reference material is provid ed in Appendix G.
5) Implement AAA Northway’s School Safety Patrol progr am – a program that supplies schools with
information about forming a student patrol, and pro vides the necessary equipment needed for the
student patrol members. This program is at no cost to the school. The “Quick Reference Checklist” for
starting a patrol is included in Appendix H of this report. For additional information, including the
AAA booklet and student materials, contact:
 Kelley Baker, Traffic Safety Administrator, AAA No rthway
 (518) 761-6058
 kdbaker@northway.aaa.com
6) Education efforts for children and parents, includi ng:
– One-time school assemblies or after school assembli es, with speakers ranging from teachers
and parents to health officials (school nurse or pu blic representatives) and local law
enforcement officers.
7) Integrating educational efforts into lesson plans, such as:
– Calculating average walking speeds or distances in math class.
– Walking outdoors and collecting nature samples in s cience class.
– Calculating heart rates and using pedometers in hea lth class.
– Designing posters encouraging students to walk/bike in art class.
8) Communicating regularly with parents, such as:
– Sending home printed materials and posting informat ion on the school website.
– Posting signs and/or flyers on illegally parked veh icles reminding them of parking
regulations and rules.
– Media stories about walking and biking efforts on l ocal news programs.

October 26, 2009 Final Report Abraham Wing Elementary School Access Pl an
Page 22
– Offering bicycle training and safety classes for pa rents, who may not feel they have the skills
to adequately train their children.
6.4 Cost Estimates
Cost estimates for each of these recommendations, i f applicable, are shown in Figure 27.
Figure 27: Recommendation Cost Estimates
Estimated CostNotes
Apply roadway pavement marking: "SCHOOL”$1,200 Per application. Six applications shown in plan.
Install curb bump-outs & pavement markings$73,000 Incl. all bump outs and markings shown in plan.
Stripe centerline to decrease lane width$1,900 Incl. stripe on Orchard, McDonald, and Lawrence Streets
Signs for 15 minute parking area, loading zone, etc .$700 Per sign.
Add pavement; extend parking on Orchard Street$28,500 Incl. pavement removal, topsoil and sodding
Install sidewalk on Orchard Street$150,000 5ft wide., Incl. pavement removal
Install crosswalk on WB approach of Lawrence/Orchar d$240 ~
Remove side parking lot pavement; add handicap spaces$38,200 Incl. pavement removal, topsoil and sodding
Install signal timing changes$2,500 With consultant assistance.
Install pedestrian signal equipment and phasing$17,000 ~
Exclusive pedestrian phase pavement markings$240 ~
Enhance cross-walks with pavement treatments$16,000 Streetprint Durathurm Textured Asphault Paving
Install flashing beacon speed limit sign$3,400 Per installation. Incl. flashing beacon, sign and footing
Abe Wing Elementary School Recommendation Cost Esti mates
Plan 1: Immediate School Area

7.0 PUBLIC INPUT
The findings and recommendations in this report wer e presented at the October 5, 2009 Parent Teacher
Association (PTA) meeting. Meeting participants inc luded the Abraham Wing School Superintend, a
teacher and approximately eight parents. The follow ing comments were offered by the meeting
participants:
The meeting participants emphasized that snow banks are a significant issue. There was some
concern with the study’s recommendation that Abe Wi ng should take responsibility for removing
snow banks. The recommendation was made because the City DPW does not remove the snow
banks quickly enough. Some participants stated that since they already pay taxes to the City, the
school should not be responsible for the cost of re moving the snow banks. In addition, property
owners should be reminded that they are responsible for removing snow from the sidewalks.
A handicap space should be provided on Lawrence Str eet to provide closer access to the front of
the school. This space would primarily be used by p eople accessing the school for evening
meetings.
The highest priority location for a flashing beacon speed sign should be Lawrence Street
eastbound between Prospect Street and Orchard Stree t. The second priority should be McDonald
Street northbound between Maple Street and Lawrence Street (this suggestion has been included
in the final report).

October 26, 2009 Final Report Abraham Wing Elementary School Access Pl an
Page 23
A suggestion was made to allow students walking hom e to leave earlier than students that are
being picked up by parents with cars. A five or ten minute head start may be sufficient. This
strategy would allow walkers to clear the school zo ne before cars begin departing (this
suggestion has been included in the final report).
There was some discussion on whether or not a neigh borhood bus operated by Abe Wing would
be feasible. Funding mechanisms administered by A/G FTC do not readily support bus
enhancements . In addition, the purpose of this plan is to encoura ge more walking and biking and
to improve safety around the school, If Abe Wing wa nts to purse a bus, it will need to find a
source of funds to purchase a bus and then to opera te and maintain it on an annual basis.
The AGFTC will work with Abe Wing to identify poten tial funding sources for the
recommendations from city, state and federal source s.
8.0 SUMMARY
This study identifies and evaluates walking, biking and vehicular access issues at the Abraham Wing
Elementary School in Glens Falls, NY. This report presents a summary of existing conditions, summariz es
the major access and safety issues and includes pro gram and transportation facility design
recommendations to help improve access for all tran sportation modes serving the school. The study is
funded by the Adirondack/Glens Falls Transportation Council (AGFTC) and has been prepared by
Resource Systems Group, Inc.

October 26, 2009 Final Report Abraham Wing Elementary School Access Pl an
Page 24

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Abraham Wing Elementary School Access Plan October 26, 2009
APPENDIX A
Conceptual Plans

Abraham Wing Elementary School Access Plan October 26, 2009
APPENDIX B
Meeting Notes

 
 
Page 1 
Abraham Wing Multimodal Transportation Plan  
May 21, 2009 Meeting Notes      
Glens Falls, NY 
Attendees:   Ella Collins, Superintendent; Aaron Frankenfeld, Sarah Gebbie‐Measeck, 
Adirondack/Glens Falls Transportation Council; Joe Segale, Beth Isler, Amanda Clancy 
RSG. 
Prepared: May 22, 2009 by Joe Segale 
Aaron provided background on how the project was initiated. Ella descried her expectations, answered 
RSG questions and provided information about the school as summarized below.  
• A focus should be the evaluation of student drop‐off/pick‐up points. PTA has considered doing 
different dismissal points instead of the 2 at the rear, but it could be difficult to organize the 
students since a family may have kids in different classes. 
• The school is happy with the “line up” area, but getting to and from that point is difficult. 
• There is little signage to indicate the school zone. Abraham Wing is the only school with flashing 
warning lights and feedback speed display. 
• The study should identify funding options for recommendations. 
• The Healthy Heart program supplied bike helmets and safety vests. The school is looking into 
getting bike locks for students. 
• June 1
st will be Walk to School Day. 
• About 50% of kids walk, 50% are picked up/dropped off in cars. This approximation was 
validated by a survey of parents conducted in January 2009 anticipation of his study. Ella 
provided RSG with a copy of the survey results. 
• The school does not have a parking policy. Some faculty/staff have to park on‐street. 
• The school designate where children exit the building as follows: 
o  Grades K‐2 exit at the rear of the school (north) from the east wing (close to McDonald 
Street) 
o Grades 3‐6 exit at the rear of the school from the west wing (close to Orchard Street) 
• Renovations and a new library addition will be built this summer. RSG was provided with a set of 
plans. There are no changes to parking, driveways, or sidewalks as part of the project. 
• A crossing guard is provided by police. Only one crossing guard is provided per school. Crossing 
guards are paid. The guard monitors the Lawrence‐McDonald intersection. 
• School population: 187 students; 32 staff; about 25‐30 kids are in the breakfast program. 
• Students are not allowed to ride a bike without a helmet.  

Abraham Wing School Kick‐off Meeting Notes – May 22, 2009 
22 May 2009 
Page 2 of 2 
• The school does not have a set curriculum for teaching kids that focuses on traveling safely to 
and from school. Teachers address walking and biking in their classes and safety is occasionally 
addressed at monthly student assemblies. Third and fourth graders (55 kids) participate in the 
bike rodeo (provided by the Cornell Cooperative Extension). Third graders can only ride to 
school if they’ve completed the bike rodeo; fourth to sixth can ride regardless.  
• There is one bus to transport students to Special Education programs at other schools. 
• A likely obstacle to kids walking to school is the number of sexual offenders that, according to 
mapping, are distributed throughout the Abraham Wing School district area. The school has kept 
parents aware of this situation.   
• There have been no serious pedestrian or cyclist injuries or fatalities in recent memory. 
• Ella noted the boundaries of the school district on a map. Aaron has the boundaries of the school 
district in GIS.  The school district does not cross Dix Avenue. 
• Dismissal at 2:45 pm. On Thursdays, Homework Club goes until 3:45. 
• Orchard Street is their biggest problem. 
• Investigate whether or Kid’s Safety Patrol‐is illegal in NY. 
 
Next Steps and Schedule 
• RSG is conducting field work today.  
• AGFTC will provide crash statistics, traffic count data, and base GIS data including the Abraham 
Wing school district boundaries 
• RSG will write a draft report that summarizes findings and presents alternatives and 
recommendations for review by the AGFTC and School staff (mid‐July) 
• A final draft report will be presented at a PTA meeting in September. 
 
 
 

Abraham Wing Elementary School Access Plan October 26, 2009
APPENDIX C
Travel-to-School Survey

Abraham Wing Elementary School Access Plan October 26, 2009
APPENDIX D
Traffic Data

2009 AM – OPT.txt

HCM Signalized Intersection Capacity Analysis 2009 AM Peak Hour – Optimized

3: Int 6/9/2009

Movement EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR

Lane Configurations 0 <1> 0 0 <1> 0 0 <1> 0 0 <1> 0

Volume (vph) 12 11 10 6 34 9 18 32 13 7 23 20

Ideal Flow (vphpl) 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900

Total Lost time (s) 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

Lane Util. Factor 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

Frt 0.96 0.97 0.97 0.95

Flt Protected 0.98 0.99 0.99 0.99

Satd. Flow (prot) 1754 1804 1786 1749

Flt Permitted 0.87 0.95 0.89 0.95

Satd. Flow (perm) 1548 1733 1619 1671

Peak-hour factor, PHF 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92

Adj. Flow (vph) 13 12 11 7 37 10 20 35 14 8 25 22

RTOR Reduction (vph) 000000000000

Lane Group Flow (vph) 0 36 0 0 54 0 0 69 0 0 55 0

Turn Type Perm Perm Perm Perm

Protected Phases 4826

Permitted Phases 4826

Actuated Green, G (s) 7.0 7.0 8.0 8.0

Effective Green, g (s) 7.0 7.0 8.0 8.0

Actuated g/C Ratio 0.18 0.18 0.20 0.20

Clearance Time (s) 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

Lane Grp Cap (vph) 271 303 324 334

v/s Ratio Prot

v/s Ratio Perm 0.02 c0.03 c0.04 0.03

v/c Ratio 0.13 0.18 0.21 0.16

Uniform Delay, d1 13.9 14.1 13.4 13.2

Progression Factor 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

Incremental Delay, d2 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.1

Delay (s) 15.0 15.3 14.9 14.3

Level of Service BBBB

Approach Delay (s) 15.0 15.3 14.9 14.3

Approach LOS BBBB
Intersection Summary

HCM Average Control Delay 14.9 HCM Level of Service B

HCM Volume to Capacity ratio 0.20

Actuated Cycle Length (s) 40.0 Sum of lost time (s) 25.0

Intersection Capacity Utilization 18.8% ICU Level of Service A

Analysis Period (min) 15
c Critical Lane Group

Baseline Synchro 7 – Report

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2009 AM.txt

HCM Signalized Intersection Capacity Analysis 2009 AM Peak Hour

3: Int 6/9/2009

Movement EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR

Lane Configurations 0 <1> 0 0 <1> 0 0 <1> 0 0 <1> 0

Volume (vph) 12 11 10 6 34 9 18 32 13 7 23 20

Ideal Flow (vphpl) 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900

Total Lost time (s) 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0

Lane Util. Factor 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

Frt 0.96 0.97 0.97 0.95

Flt Protected 0.98 0.99 0.99 0.99

Satd. Flow (prot) 1754 1804 1786 1749

Flt Permitted 0.94 0.98 0.95 0.98

Satd. Flow (perm) 1686 1786 1715 1725

Peak-hour factor, PHF 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92

Adj. Flow (vph) 13 12 11 7 37 10 20 35 14 8 25 22

RTOR Reduction (vph) 000000000000

Lane Group Flow (vph) 0 36 0 0 54 0 0 69 0 0 55 0

Turn Type Perm Perm Perm Perm

Protected Phases 4826

Permitted Phases 4826

Actuated Green, G (s) 26.0 26.0 28.0 28.0

Effective Green, g (s) 26.0 26.0 28.0 28.0

Actuated g/C Ratio 0.43 0.43 0.47 0.47

Clearance Time (s) 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0

Lane Grp Cap (vph) 731 774 800 805

v/s Ratio Prot

v/s Ratio Perm 0.02 c0.03 c0.04 0.03

v/c Ratio 0.05 0.07 0.09 0.07

Uniform Delay, d1 9.8 9.9 8.9 8.8

Progression Factor 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

Incremental Delay, d2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2

Delay (s) 10.0 10.1 9.1 9.0

Level of Service ABAA

Approach Delay (s) 10.0 10.1 9.1 9.0

Approach LOS ABAA
Intersection Summary

HCM Average Control Delay 9.5 HCM Level of Service A

HCM Volume to Capacity ratio 0.08

Actuated Cycle Length (s) 60.0 Sum of lost time (s) 6.0

Intersection Capacity Utilization 51.7% ICU Level of Service A

Analysis Period (min) 15
c Critical Lane Group

Baseline Synchro 7 – Report

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2009 PM – OPT.txt

HCM Signalized Intersection Capacity Analysis 2009 PM Peak Hour – Optimized

3: Int 6/9/2009

Movement EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR

Lane Configurations 0 <1> 0 0 <1> 0 0 <1> 0 0 <1> 0

Volume (vph) 11 37 18 9 37 7 14 46 12 12 30 11

Ideal Flow (vphpl) 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900

Total Lost time (s) 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

Lane Util. Factor 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

Frt 0.96 0.98 0.98 0.97

Flt Protected 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99

Satd. Flow (prot) 1778 1812 1803 1791

Flt Permitted 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.92

Satd. Flow (perm) 1673 1700 1692 1657

Peak-hour factor, PHF 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92

Adj. Flow (vph) 12 40 20 10 40 8 15 50 13 13 33 12

RTOR Reduction (vph) 000000000000

Lane Group Flow (vph) 0 72 0 0 58 0 0 78 0 0 58 0

Turn Type Perm Perm Perm Perm

Protected Phases 4826

Permitted Phases 4826

Actuated Green, G (s) 7.0 7.0 8.0 8.0

Effective Green, g (s) 7.0 7.0 8.0 8.0

Actuated g/C Ratio 0.18 0.18 0.20 0.20

Clearance Time (s) 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

Lane Grp Cap (vph) 293 298 338 331

v/s Ratio Prot

v/s Ratio Perm c0.04 0.03 c0.05 0.03

v/c Ratio 0.25 0.19 0.23 0.18

Uniform Delay, d1 14.2 14.1 13.4 13.3

Progression Factor 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

Incremental Delay, d2 2.0 1.5 1.6 1.2

Delay (s) 16.2 15.5 15.0 14.4

Level of Service BBBB

Approach Delay (s) 16.2 15.5 15.0 14.4

Approach LOS BBBB
Intersection Summary

HCM Average Control Delay 15.3 HCM Level of Service B

HCM Volume to Capacity ratio 0.24

Actuated Cycle Length (s) 40.0 Sum of lost time (s) 25.0

Intersection Capacity Utilization 18.2% ICU Level of Service A

Analysis Period (min) 15
c Critical Lane Group

Baseline Synchro 7 – Report

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2009 PM.txt

HCM Signalized Intersection Capacity Analysis 2009 PM Peak Hour

3: Int 6/9/2009

Movement EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR

Lane Configurations 0 <1> 0 0 <1> 0 0 <1> 0 0 <1> 0

Volume (vph) 11 37 18 9 37 7 14 46 12 12 30 11

Ideal Flow (vphpl) 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900

Total Lost time (s) 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0

Lane Util. Factor 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

Frt 0.96 0.98 0.98 0.97

Flt Protected 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99

Satd. Flow (prot) 1778 1812 1803 1791

Flt Permitted 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.96

Satd. Flow (perm) 1744 1777 1760 1741

Peak-hour factor, PHF 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92

Adj. Flow (vph) 12 40 20 10 40 8 15 50 13 13 33 12

RTOR Reduction (vph) 000000000000

Lane Group Flow (vph) 0 72 0 0 58 0 0 78 0 0 58 0

Turn Type Perm Perm Perm Perm

Protected Phases 4826

Permitted Phases 4826

Actuated Green, G (s) 26.0 26.0 28.0 28.0

Effective Green, g (s) 26.0 26.0 28.0 28.0

Actuated g/C Ratio 0.43 0.43 0.47 0.47

Clearance Time (s) 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0

Lane Grp Cap (vph) 756 770 821 812

v/s Ratio Prot

v/s Ratio Perm c0.04 0.03 c0.04 0.03

v/c Ratio 0.10 0.08 0.10 0.07

Uniform Delay, d1 10.0 10.0 8.9 8.8

Progression Factor 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

Incremental Delay, d2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

Delay (s) 10.3 10.1 9.2 9.0

Level of Service BBAA

Approach Delay (s) 10.3 10.1 9.2 9.0

Approach LOS BBAA
Intersection Summary

HCM Average Control Delay 9.6 HCM Level of Service A

HCM Volume to Capacity ratio 0.10

Actuated Cycle Length (s) 60.0 Sum of lost time (s) 6.0

Intersection Capacity Utilization 51.7% ICU Level of Service A

Analysis Period (min) 15
c Critical Lane Group

Baseline Synchro 7 – Report

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Lawrence St/McDonald S
t
note:Source: Resource Systems Group
Glens Falls, NY
AM: 5/21/2009
PM: 5/21/200915 Min Hour
AM: 3rd Thursday
L
(t) T (t) R (t)
L
(t) T (t) R (t)
L
(t) T (t) R (t)
L
(t) T (t) R (t) EB WB NB SB Total Total
PM: 3rd Thursda
y
6:00 AM00000000000000000000000000000
6:15 AM00000000000000000000000000000
6:30 AM00000000000000000000000000000
6:45 AM000000000000000000000000000000
7:00 AM000000000000000000000000000000
7:15 AM000000000000000000000000000000
7:30 AM000000000000000000000000000000
7:45 AM10001020110008011020103031572174444
8:00 AM20613011120305040303011309100294993
8:15 AM602030104030007040111301004301355148
8:30 AM3020301061215010040105030010547195
8:45 AM008010007010007230004010000034185
9:00 AM00000000000000000000000000000136
9:15 AM0000000000000000000000000000081
9:30 AM0000000000000000000000000000034
9:45 AM000000000000000000000000000000
10:00 AM000000000000000000000000000000
10:15 AM000000000000000000000000000000
10:30 AM000000000000000000000000000000
10:45 AM000000000000000000000000000000
11:00 AM000000000000000000000000000000
11:15 AM000000000000000000000000000000
11:30 AM000000000000000000000000000000
11:45 AM000000000000000000000000000000
12:00 PM000000000000000000000000000000
12:15 PM000000000000000000000000000000
12:30 PM000000000000000000000000000000
12:45 PM000000000000000000000000000000
1:00 PM000000000000000000000000000000
1:15 PM000000000000000000000000000000
1:30 PM000000000000000000000000000000
1:45 PM000000000000000000000000000000
2:00 PM000000000000000000000000000000
2:15 PM000000000000000000000000000000
2:30 PM90807020804060806020401001226565
2:45 PM20120302183302011230901205241222080145
3:00 PM0070603070003011210107000002348193
3:15 PM001002010110003011120006130203051244
3:30 PM00000000000000000000000000000179
3:45 PM0000000000000000000000000000099
4:00 PM0000000000000000000000000000051
4:15 PM000000000000000000000000000000
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5:00 PM000000000000000000000000000000
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5:30 PM000000000000000000000000000000
5:45 PM000000000000000000000000000000
AM (6AM‐12PM) Peak 195
PM (12PM‐6PM) Peak 244
AM Peak HourAM Peak Hour
EB WB NB SB  EB WB NB SB 64
Lawrence St/McDonald S
t
LT12 6 18 7 L
T0.50 1.00 1.00 0.88 20 23 7
Glens Falls, NY TH 11 34 32 23 TH 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.44
5/21/2009 RT 10 9 13 20 195 RT 0.83 0.75 0.81 0.50 12 9
3rd Thursday Enter 33 49 63 50 195 Appr. 0.75 1.00 1.00  0.50 18 11 34 21
RSG Count Exit 31 72 53 39 195 Int. 10 6
 % Trucks 3.0% 6.1% 0.0% 6.0%    
 Peds 18 21 2 64 PHF  18 32 13
 Peak Hour 0.89  2
PM Peak HourPM Peak Hour
EB WB NB SB  EB WB NB SB 25
Lawrence St/McDonald S
t
LT11 9 14 12 L
T1.00 0.75 1.00 0.33 11 30 12
Glens Falls, NY TH 37 37 46 30 TH 0.77 0.84 0.88 0.63
5/21/2009 RT 18 7 12 11 244 RT 1.00 0.58 1.00 0.39 11 7
3rd Thursday Enter 66 53 72 53 244 Appr. 0.97 0.78 1.00  0.47 6 37 37 13
RSG Count Exit 61 62 64 57 244 Int. 18 9
 % Trucks 0.0% 7.5% 6.9% 5.7%    
 Peds 6 13 9 25 PHF  14 46 12
 Peak Hour 0.76  9 Eastbound Westbound
7:45 AM ‐ 8:45 AM Peak Lawrence St
Volumes
Volumes
Lawrence St
McDonald StPedestrians Southbound
Lawrence St McDonald St Northbound
Lawrence St
2:30 PM ‐ 3:30 PM Peak0.76
Lawrence St
PHF
PHFMcDonald St
McDonald St McDonald St
Lawrence St
0.89
McDonald St

Abraham Wing Elementary School Access Plan October 26, 2009
APPENDIX E
Speed Data

Street Name: Date:5/21/09
Count Location: Time:11am
Posted Speed:30
N/SCar/Truck/Bus 
/Motorcycle? Speed N/SCar/Truck/Bus 
/Motorcycle? Speed N/SCar/Truck/Bus 
/Motorcycle? Speed
1 N Car 28 34 N Car 30 67 N Car 24
2 N Car 22 35 S Car 24 68 N Car 22
3 N Car 27 36 S Car 22 69 N Car 25
4 S Car 25 37 N Car 25 70 N Car 26
5 S Car 22 38 S Car 19 71 S Car 23
6 S Car 23 39 N Car 24 72 N Car 27
7 N Car 15 40 N Car 24 73 N Car 22
8 N Car 25 41 N Car 27 74 S Car 21
9 S Car 18 42 S Car 22 75 S Car 21
10 N Car 18 43 N Car 16 76 S Car 30
11 N Car 32 44 N Car 18 77 S Car 14
12 S Truck 25 45 N Car 27 78 N Car 19
13 N Car 24 46 N Car 19 79 N Car 26
14 N Car 20 47 N Car 29 80 S Car 14
15 S Car 23 48 N Car 23 81 N Car 20
16 S Car 17 49 N Car 24 82 S Car 25
17 N Car 22 50 S Car 21 83 N Car 21
18 S Car 27 51 N Car 26 84 S Truck 15
19 N Car 30 52 N Car 19 85 N Car 24
20 N Car 23 53 N Car 28 86 N Car 23
21 N Truck 28 54 N Car 24 87 N Car 25
22 S Car 10 55 S Car 17 88
23 N Car 16 56 N Car 22 89
24 N Motorcycle 15 57 N Car 23 90
25 N Car 19 58 N Car 21 91
26 S Car 25 59 S Car 18 92
27 S Motorcycle 17 60 S Car 20 93
28 S Car 20 61 N Truck 24 94
29 S Car 16 62 S Car 18 95
30 S Car 25 63 N Car 28 96
31 S Car 15 64 N Car 26 97
32 N Car 25 65 N Car 24 98
33 N Car 24 66 N Car 25 99McDonald St
Southbound on McDonald Street, Northeast of 
School Property

Street Name: Date:5/21/09
Count Location: Time:9:15am
Posted Speed:30
E/WCar/Truck/Bus 
/Motorcycle? Speed E/WCar/Truck/Bus 
/Motorcycle? Speed E/WCar/Truck/Bus 
/Motorcycle? Speed
1‐Truck 20 34 W Car 21 67 E Car 19
2‐Truck 23 35 W Car 18 68 W Car 23
3‐Car 31 36 W Car 20 69 W Car 18
4‐Car 23 37 W Car 19 70 W Car 17
5‐Car 23 38 W Car 12 71 W Car 24
6‐Car 21 39 E Truck 10 72 W Car 15
7‐Car 29 40 E Truck 22 73 E Car 22
8‐Car 24 41 W Car 31 74 E Car 12
9‐Motorcycle 13 42 E Car 27 75 E Motorcycle 19
10‐Car 22 43 W Car 27 76 E Car 19
11‐Car 14 44 E Truck 18 77 E Car 18
12‐Car 25 45 W Car 26 78 W Car 16
13 E Car 19 46 W Car 15 79 W Car 19
14 E Car 16 47 W Car 19 80 E Car 20
15 E Car 12 48 W Car 24 81 E Car 12
16 E Car 19 49 W Car 26 82 W Car 18
17 E Car 13 50 W Car 22 83 W Car 22
18 E Car 18 51 E Car 22 84 E Car 12
19 W Car 17 52 W Car 27 85 E Car 21
20 W Car 21 53 W Car 22 86 E Car 23
21 W Motorcycle 15 54 E Car 22 87 E Bus 12
22 W Car 16 55 W Car 23 88 W Car 12
23 W Car 14 56 E Car 21 89 W Car 21
24 W Car 20 57 E Car 23 90 W Car 18
25 E Car 23 58 E Car 18 91 W Car 23
26 E Car 13 59 W Car 25 92 E Car 19
27 W Car 19 60 W Car 28 93 W Car 13
28 E Car 13 61 E Car 20 94 W Car 20
29 E Car 13 62 E Car 19 95 E Car 20
30 E Car 18 63 E Car 18 96 E Car 14
31 E Truck 20 64 E Car 18 97 E Car 18
32 E Car 30 65 E Car 23 98 W Car 25
33 W Car 25 66 E Car 27 99 W Car 18
100 E Car 24 Lawrence St
Southeast corner of Lawrence & Orchard 
pointed Eastward

Street Name: Date:5/21/09
Count Location: Time:7:50am
Posted Speed:30
N/SCar/Truck/Bus 
/Motorcycle? Speed N/SCar/Truck/Bus 
/Motorcycle? Speed N/SCar/Truck/Bus 
/Motorcycle? Speed
1 S Car 23 34 67
2 S Car 18 35 68
3 N Car 25 36 69
4 N Car 38 37 70
5 S Car 17 38 71
6 S Car 19 39 72
7 S Car 13 40 73
8 S Car 10 41 74
9 S Motorcycle 13 42 75
10 S Car 20 43 76
11 S Car 22 44 77
12 N Car 32 45 78
13 N Car 20 46 79
14 S Car 18 47 80
15 S Car 20 48 81
16 S Car 24 49 82
17 N Car 12 50 83
18 N Car 15 51 84
19 N Car 11 52 85
20 N Car 11 53 86
21 N Car 15 54 87
22 N Car 18 55 88
23 N Car 20 56 89
24 N Car 17 57 90
25 N Car 22 58 91
26 S Car 20 59 92
27 S Car 15 60 93
28 S Car 15 61 94
29 N Car 18 62 95
30 N Car 20 63 96
31 N Car 28 64 97
32 N Car 17 65 98
33 N Car 15 66 99Orchard St

Abraham Wing Elementary School Access Plan October 26, 2009
APPENDIX F
Safety Data

05/22/09 09:01
Page: 1
Accident Verbal Description Report Program:clas4200NYSDOT Safety Information Management SystemDate:All Accidents (Links & Nodes)Complete Accident Data From NYSDMV Is Only Available thru 31-OCT-2008Regn/Cnty: 17 WARREN Municipality: 01 C GLENS FALLS Dates: JAN-01-2003 – DEC-31-2007 Street: MAPLE ST Links:23672 – 23674 Thru 23680 – 23700 *** Node: 23672 MCDONALD ST *** FEB-28-2004 SAT 05:22PM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 1 Extent of Injuries: A Case: 2004-30871916 Accident Class: INJURY Police Agency: GLENS FALLS CITY PD Num of Veh: 1 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH OTHER Traffic Control: STOP SIGN Manner of Collision: OTHER Weather: CLEAR Road Surface Condition: DRY Road Char.: STRAIGHT AND LEVEL Light Condition: DAYLIGHT Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 3216 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 56 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: EAST Public Property Damage: YES School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: GOING STRAIGHT AHEAD Second Event: COLLISION WITH BUILDING/WALL Apparent Factors:LOST CONSCIOUSNESS UNKNOWN *** Node: 23702 PROSPECT ST *** OCT-09-2004 SAT 12:00AM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 1 Extent of Injuries: B Case: 2004-31316696 Accident Class: INJURY Police Agency: GLENS FALLS CITY PD Num of Veh: 1 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH BICYCLIST Traffic Control: STOP SIGN Manner of Collision: OTHER Weather: CLOUDY Road Surface Condition: DRY Road Char.: STRAIGHT AND LEVEL Light Condition: DARK-ROAD LIGHTED Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: PED/BICYCLIST AT INTERSECTION Action of Ped/Bicycle: CROSSING AGAINST SIGNAL Veh: 1 OTHER Registered Weight: UNKNOWN State of Registration: UNKNOWN Num of Occupants: 0 Driver’s Age: UNKNOWN Sex: UNKNOWN Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: SOUTH Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: GOING STRAIGHT AHEAD Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN Veh: 2 BICYCLE Registered Weight: N/A State of Registration: N/A Num of Occupants: N/A Bicyclist’s Age: 27 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: NORTH-WEST Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: MAKING LEFT TURN Apparent Factors:ALCOHOL INVOLVEMENT PEDESTRIAN’S ERROR/ MAY-24-2005 TUE Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 1 Extent of Injuries: C Case: 2005-31494503 Accident Class: PROPERTY DAMAGE AND INJURY Police Agency: NOT ENTERED Num of Veh: 2 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH MOTOR VEHICLE Traffic Control: STOP SIGN Manner of Collision: UNKNOWN Weather: CLOUDY Road Surface Condition: DRY Road Char.: STRAIGHT/ GRADE Light Condition: DAYLIGHT Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 2419 State of Registration: NY

05/22/09 09:01
Page: 2
Accident Verbal Description Report Program:clas4200NYSDOT Safety Information Management SystemDate:All Accidents (Links & Nodes)Complete Accident Data From NYSDMV Is Only Available thru 31-OCT-2008Regn/Cnty: 17 WARREN Municipality: 01 C GLENS FALLS Dates: JAN-01-2003 – DEC-31-2007 Street: MAPLE ST Links:23672 – 23674 Thru 23680 – 23700 *** Node: 23702 PROSPECT ST (Continued) *** Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 50 Sex: FEMALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: SOUTH Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: GOING STRAIGHT AHEAD Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN Veh: 2 TRUCK Registered Weight: 57000 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 25 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: WEST Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: GOING STRAIGHT AHEAD Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN Truck/Bus Clsf.: NOT ENTERED NOV-30-2005 WED 06:00PM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 1 Extent of Injuries: C Case: 2005-31670466 Accident Class: INJURY Police Agency: NOT ENTERED Num of Veh: 2 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH MOTOR VEHICLE Traffic Control: STOP SIGN Manner of Collision: REAR END Weather: CLEAR Road Surface Condition: DRY Road Char.: STRAIGHT AND LEVEL Light Condition: DUSK Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 2509 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 2 Driver’s Age: 21 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: EAST Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: GOING STRAIGHT AHEAD Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN Veh: 2 OTHER Registered Weight: UNKNOWN State of Registration: UNKNOWN Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 35 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: EAST Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: GOING STRAIGHT AHEAD Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN *** Node: 23677 LEONARD ST *** AUG-29-2005 MON 01:20PM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 1 Extent of Injuries: C Case: 2005-31611374 Accident Class: INJURY Police Agency: GLENS FALLS CITY PD Num of Veh: 2 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH MOTOR VEHICLE Traffic Control: TRAFFIC SIGNAL Manner of Collision: RIGHT TURN (WITH OTHER CAR) Weather: CLEAR Road Surface Condition: DRY Road Char.: STRAIGHT AND LEVEL Light Condition: DAYLIGHT Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 5000 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 20 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: NORTH Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO

05/22/09 09:01
Page: 3
Accident Verbal Description Report Program:clas4200NYSDOT Safety Information Management SystemDate:All Accidents (Links & Nodes)Complete Accident Data From NYSDMV Is Only Available thru 31-OCT-2008Regn/Cnty: 17 WARREN Municipality: 01 C GLENS FALLS Dates: JAN-01-2003 – DEC-31-2007 Street: MAPLE ST Links:23672 – 23674 Thru 23680 – 23700 *** Node: 23677 LEONARD ST (Continued) *** Pre-Accd Action: MAKING RIGHT TURN Apparent Factors:TURNING IMPROPER UNKNOWN Veh: 2 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 3095 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 4 Driver’s Age: 21 Sex: FEMALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: SOUTH Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: STOPPED IN TRAFFIC Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN *** Node: 23700 KEENAN ST *** DEC-22-2003 MON 11:31AM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 0 Extent of Injuries: Case: 2003-31087212 Accident Class: PROPERTY DAMAGE Police Agency: NOT ENTERED Num of Veh: 2 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH MOTOR VEHICLE Traffic Control: UNKNOWN Manner of Collision: SIDESWIPE Weather: UNKNOWN Road Surface Condition: UNKNOWN Road Char.: UNKNOWN Light Condition: UNKNOWN Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: UNKNOWN State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 38 Sex: FEMALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: UNKNOWN Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: UNKNOWN Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN Veh: 2 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 3404 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 2 Driver’s Age: 24 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: UNKNOWN Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: UNKNOWN Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN TOTAL NUMBER OF ACCIDENTS PRINTED: 6 ABSENCE OF NODE OR LINK WITHIN A SPECIFIED ROADWAY SECTION + TIME PERIOD INDICATES NO ACCIDENTS FOUND *** END OF REPORT ***

05/22/09 08:58
Page: 1
Accident Verbal Description Report Program:clas4200NYSDOT Safety Information Management SystemDate:All Accidents (Links & Nodes)Complete Accident Data From NYSDMV Is Only Available thru 31-OCT-2008Regn/Cnty: 17 WARREN Municipality: 01 C GLENS FALLS Dates: JAN-01-2003 – DEC-31-2007 Street: MCDONALD ST Links:23654 – 23672 Thru 30303 – 30337 *** Node: 23654 WARREN ST NY32 *** MAY-01-2003 THU 02:19PM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 1 Extent of Injuries: C Case: 2003-30919491 Accident Class: INJURY Police Agency: GLENS FALLS CITY PD Num of Veh: 2 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH MOTOR VEHICLE Traffic Control: TRAFFIC SIGNAL Manner of Collision: REAR END Weather: CLEAR Road Surface Condition: DRY Road Char.: STRAIGHT AND LEVEL Light Condition: DAYLIGHT Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 3950 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 38 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: WEST Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: STARTING IN TRAFFIC Apparent Factors:OTHER (HUMAN) UNKNOWN Veh: 2 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 3665 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 2 Driver’s Age: 34 Sex: FEMALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: WEST Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: STOPPED IN TRAFFIC Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN JUL-18-2003 FRI 07:15PM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 1 Extent of Injuries: C Case: 2003-30966481 Accident Class: PROPERTY DAMAGE AND INJURY Police Agency: GLENS FALLS CITY PD Num of Veh: 2 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH MOTOR VEHICLE Traffic Control: UNKNOWN Manner of Collision: UNKNOWN Weather: CLEAR Road Surface Condition: DRY Road Char.: STRAIGHT AND LEVEL Light Condition: DAYLIGHT Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 1938 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 24 Sex: FEMALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: NORTH Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: BACKING Apparent Factors:BACKING UNSAFELY UNKNOWN Veh: 2 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 3310 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 46 Sex: FEMALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: SOUTH Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: STOPPED IN TRAFFIC Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN JUN-02-2004 WED 09:21PM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 1 Extent of Injuries: C Case: 2004-31232492 Accident Class: INJURY Police Agency: GLENS FALLS CITY PD Num of Veh: 1 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH BICYCLIST Traffic Control: TRAFFIC SIGNAL Manner of Collision: OTHER Weather: CLOUDY Road Surface Condition: DRY Road Char.: STRAIGHT AND LEVEL Light Condition: DARK-ROAD LIGHTED

05/22/09 08:58
Page: 2
Accident Verbal Description Report Program:clas4200NYSDOT Safety Information Management SystemDate:All Accidents (Links & Nodes)Complete Accident Data From NYSDMV Is Only Available thru 31-OCT-2008Regn/Cnty: 17 WARREN Municipality: 01 C GLENS FALLS Dates: JAN-01-2003 – DEC-31-2007 Street: MCDONALD ST Links:23654 – 23672 Thru 30303 – 30337 *** Node: 23654 WARREN ST NY32 (Continued) *** Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: PED/BICYCLIST AT INTERSECTION Action of Ped/Bicycle: ALONG HIGHWAY AGAINST TRAFFIC Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 6000 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 51 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: SOUTH-WEST Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: MAKING RIGHT TURN Apparent Factors:NOT APPLICABLE UNKNOWN Veh: 2 BICYCLE Registered Weight: N/A State of Registration: N/A Num of Occupants: N/A Bicyclist’s Age: 30 Sex: FEMALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: WEST Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: GOING STRAIGHT AHEAD Apparent Factors:PEDESTRIAN’S ERROR/CONFUSION PASSING OR LANE USA JAN-27-2005 THU 09:00AM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 0 Extent of Injuries: Case: 2005-31363236 Accident Class: PROPERTY DAMAGE Police Agency: NOT ENTERED Num of Veh: 2 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH MOTOR VEHICLE Traffic Control: UNKNOWN Manner of Collision: RIGHT ANGLE Weather: UNKNOWN Road Surface Condition: UNKNOWN Road Char.: UNKNOWN Light Condition: UNKNOWN Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 4000 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 57 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: UNKNOWN Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: UNKNOWN Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN Veh: 2 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 3450 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 55 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: UNKNOWN Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: UNKNOWN Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN NOV-10-2006 FRI 02:24PM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 0 Extent of Injuries: Case: 2006-32106745 Accident Class: PROPERTY DAMAGE Police Agency: NOT ENTERED Num of Veh: 2 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH MOTOR VEHICLE Traffic Control: UNKNOWN Manner of Collision: UNKNOWN Weather: UNKNOWN Road Surface Condition: UNKNOWN Road Char.: UNKNOWN Light Condition: UNKNOWN Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 3541 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 27 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: UNKNOWN Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: UNKNOWN

05/22/09 08:58
Page: 3
Accident Verbal Description Report Program:clas4200NYSDOT Safety Information Management SystemDate:All Accidents (Links & Nodes)Complete Accident Data From NYSDMV Is Only Available thru 31-OCT-2008Regn/Cnty: 17 WARREN Municipality: 01 C GLENS FALLS Dates: JAN-01-2003 – DEC-31-2007 Street: MCDONALD ST Links:23654 – 23672 Thru 30303 – 30337 *** Node: 23654 WARREN ST NY32 (Continued) *** Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN Veh: 2 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 2372 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 62 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: UNKNOWN Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: UNKNOWN Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN JAN-17-2007 WED 09:24AM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 0 Extent of Injuries: Case: 2007-32116714 Accident Class: PROPERTY DAMAGE Police Agency: GLENS FALLS CITY PD Num of Veh: 2 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH MOTOR VEHICLE Traffic Control: TRAFFIC SIGNAL Manner of Collision: LEFT TURN (AGAINST OTHER CAR) Weather: CLEAR Road Surface Condition: DRY Road Char.: STRAIGHT AND LEVEL Light Condition: DAYLIGHT Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 2617 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 47 Sex: FEMALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: SOUTH-EAST Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: MAKING LEFT TURN Apparent Factors:FAILURE TO YIELD RIGHT OF WAY UNKNOWN Veh: 2 TRUCK Registered Weight: 73021 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 23 Sex: FEMALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: NORTH Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: GOING STRAIGHT AHEAD Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN Truck/Bus Clsf.: NOT ENTERED JUL-06-2007 FRI 10:45AM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 0 Extent of Injuries: Case: 2007-32320746 Accident Class: PROPERTY DAMAGE Police Agency: GLENS FALLS CITY PD Num of Veh: 2 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH MOTOR VEHICLE Traffic Control: TRAFFIC SIGNAL Manner of Collision: RIGHT TURN (AGAINST OTHER CAR) Weather: CLEAR Road Surface Condition: DRY Road Char.: STRAIGHT AND LEVEL Light Condition: DAYLIGHT Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 2998 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 69 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: WEST Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: MAKING RIGHT TURN Apparent Factors:PASSING OR LANE USAGE IMPROPERLY TURNING IMPROPER Veh: 2 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 2626 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 21 Sex: FEMALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: WEST Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO

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Page: 4
Accident Verbal Description Report Program:clas4200NYSDOT Safety Information Management SystemDate:All Accidents (Links & Nodes)Complete Accident Data From NYSDMV Is Only Available thru 31-OCT-2008Regn/Cnty: 17 WARREN Municipality: 01 C GLENS FALLS Dates: JAN-01-2003 – DEC-31-2007 Street: MCDONALD ST Links:23654 – 23672 Thru 30303 – 30337 *** Node: 23654 WARREN ST NY32 (Continued) *** Pre-Accd Action: MAKING RIGHT TURN Apparent Factors:NOT APPLICABLE UNKNOWN AUG-08-2007 WED Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 0 Extent of Injuries: Case: 2007-32295409 Accident Class: PROPERTY DAMAGE Police Agency: NOT ENTERED Num of Veh: 2 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH MOTOR VEHICLE Traffic Control: UNKNOWN Manner of Collision: UNKNOWN Weather: UNKNOWN Road Surface Condition: UNKNOWN Road Char.: UNKNOWN Light Condition: UNKNOWN Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 4135 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 2 Driver’s Age: 55 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: WEST Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: MAKING RIGHT TURN Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN Veh: 2 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: UNKNOWN State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 51 Sex: FEMALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: UNKNOWN Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: UNKNOWN Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN *** Link: 23654 – 23672 ***MAY-23-2003 FRI 01:33PM Case: 2003-30547319 Accident Class: NON-REPORTABLE Police Agency: GLENS FALLS CITY PD Num of Veh: 2 *** Node: 23672 MAPLE ST *** FEB-28-2004 SAT 05:22PM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 1 Extent of Injuries: A Case: 2004-30871916 Accident Class: INJURY Police Agency: GLENS FALLS CITY PD Num of Veh: 1 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH OTHER Traffic Control: STOP SIGN Manner of Collision: OTHER Weather: CLEAR Road Surface Condition: DRY Road Char.: STRAIGHT AND LEVEL Light Condition: DAYLIGHT Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 3216 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 56 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: EAST Public Property Damage: YES School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: GOING STRAIGHT AHEAD Second Event: COLLISION WITH BUILDING/WALL Apparent Factors:LOST CONSCIOUSNESS UNKNOWN

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Accident Verbal Description Report Program:clas4200NYSDOT Safety Information Management SystemDate:All Accidents (Links & Nodes)Complete Accident Data From NYSDMV Is Only Available thru 31-OCT-2008Regn/Cnty: 17 WARREN Municipality: 01 C GLENS FALLS Dates: JAN-01-2003 – DEC-31-2007 Street: MCDONALD ST Links:23654 – 23672 Thru 30303 – 30337 *** Link: 23672 – 23675 *** SEP-09-2006 SAT 11:41AM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 1 Extent of Injuries: C Case: 2006-31917605 Accident Class: PROPERTY DAMAGE AND INJURY Police Agency: GLENS FALLS CITY PD Num of Veh: 2 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH MOTOR VEHICLE Traffic Control: NONE Manner of Collision: SIDESWIPE Weather: CLEAR Road Surface Condition: DRY Road Char.: STRAIGHT AND LEVEL Light Condition: DAYLIGHT Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 2881 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 20 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: YES Direction of Travel: NORTH Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: AVOIDING OBJECT IN ROADWAY Apparent Factors:DRIVER INATTENTION UNKNOWN Veh: 2 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 4309 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 2 Driver’s Age: 26 Sex: FEMALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: SOUTH Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: GOING STRAIGHT AHEAD Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN NOV-21-2006 TUE 04:24AM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 0 Extent of Injuries: Case: 2006-32025133 Accident Class: PROPERTY DAMAGE Police Agency: GLENS FALLS CITY PD Num of Veh: 1 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH TREE Traffic Control: NONE Manner of Collision: OTHER Weather: CLEAR Road Surface Condition: DRY Road Char.: STRAIGHT AND LEVEL Light Condition: DARK-ROAD UNLIGHTED Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: UNKNOWN State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 24 Sex: FEMALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: NORTH Public Property Damage: YES School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: GOING STRAIGHT AHEAD Apparent Factors:FELL ASLEEP NOT APPLICABLE *** Node: 30303 LAWRENCE ST *** JAN-23-2007 TUE 05:58PM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 1 Extent of Injuries: C Case: 2007-32066572 Accident Class: PROPERTY DAMAGE AND INJURY Police Agency: GLENS FALLS CITY PD Num of Veh: 2 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH MOTOR VEHICLE Traffic Control: NONE Manner of Collision: REAR END Weather: CLEAR Road Surface Condition: DRY Road Char.: STRAIGHT AND LEVEL Light Condition: DARK-ROAD LIGHTED Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 3360 State of Registration: NY

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Accident Verbal Description Report Program:clas4200NYSDOT Safety Information Management SystemDate:All Accidents (Links & Nodes)Complete Accident Data From NYSDMV Is Only Available thru 31-OCT-2008Regn/Cnty: 17 WARREN Municipality: 01 C GLENS FALLS Dates: JAN-01-2003 – DEC-31-2007 Street: MCDONALD ST Links:23654 – 23672 Thru 30303 – 30337 *** Node: 30303 LAWRENCE ST (Continued) *** Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: UNKNOWN Sex: UNKNOWN Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: NORTH Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: PARKED Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN Veh: 2 OTHER Registered Weight: UNKNOWN State of Registration: UNKNOWN Num of Occupants: 0 Driver’s Age: UNKNOWN Sex: UNKNOWN Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: NORTH Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: GOING STRAIGHT AHEAD Apparent Factors:PASSING OR LANE USAGE IMPROPERLY UNKNOWN SEP-09-2007 SUN 07:41PM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 2 Extent of Injuries: CC Case: 2007-32321661 Accident Class: PROPERTY DAMAGE AND INJURY Police Agency: GLENS FALLS CITY PD Num of Veh: 2 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH MOTOR VEHICLE Traffic Control: TRAFFIC SIGNAL Manner of Collision: RIGHT ANGLE Weather: RAIN Road Surface Condition: WET Road Char.: STRAIGHT AND LEVEL Light Condition: DARK-ROAD LIGHTED Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 3266 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 28 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: YES Direction of Travel: NORTH Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: GOING STRAIGHT AHEAD Apparent Factors:ALCOHOL INVOLVEMENT FAILURE TO YIELD RI Veh: 2 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 3139 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 42 Sex: FEMALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: EAST Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: GOING STRAIGHT AHEAD Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN *** Link: 30303 – 30337 *** SEP-08-2004 WED 03:20PM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 0 Extent of Injuries: Case: 2004-31276326 Accident Class: PROPERTY DAMAGE Police Agency: NOT ENTERED Num of Veh: 2 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH MOTOR VEHICLE Traffic Control: NONE Manner of Collision: REAR END Weather: CLEAR Road Surface Condition: DRY Road Char.: STRAIGHT AND LEVEL Light Condition: DAYLIGHT Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 2635 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 39 Sex: FEMALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: SOUTH Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: GOING STRAIGHT AHEAD

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Accident Verbal Description Report Program:clas4200NYSDOT Safety Information Management SystemDate:All Accidents (Links & Nodes)Complete Accident Data From NYSDMV Is Only Available thru 31-OCT-2008Regn/Cnty: 17 WARREN Municipality: 01 C GLENS FALLS Dates: JAN-01-2003 – DEC-31-2007 Street: MCDONALD ST Links:23654 – 23672 Thru 30303 – 30337 *** Link: 30303 – 30337 (Continued) *** Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN Veh: 2 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 3389 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: UNKNOWN Sex: UNKNOWN Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: SOUTH Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: PARKED Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN *** Node: 30337 DIX AVE *** MAR-30-2005 WED 03:45PM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 1 Extent of Injuries: C Case: 2005-31459807 Accident Class: PROPERTY DAMAGE AND INJURY Police Agency: NOT ENTERED Num of Veh: 2 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH MOTOR VEHICLE Traffic Control: NONE Manner of Collision: UNKNOWN Weather: CLEAR Road Surface Condition: DRY Road Char.: STRAIGHT AND LEVEL Light Condition: DAYLIGHT Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 2698 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 40 Sex: FEMALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: NORTH Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: MAKING RIGHT TURN Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN Veh: 2 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: UNKNOWN State of Registration: UNKNOWN Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 33 Sex: FEMALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: NORTH Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: OTHER Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN TOTAL NUMBER OF ACCIDENTS PRINTED: 16 ABSENCE OF NODE OR LINK WITHIN A SPECIFIED ROADWAY SECTION + TIME PERIOD INDICATES NO ACCIDENTS FOUND *** END OF REPORT ***

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Accident Verbal Description Report Program:clas4200NYSDOT Safety Information Management SystemDate:All Accidents (Links & Nodes)Complete Accident Data From NYSDMV Is Only Available thru 31-OCT-2008Regn/Cnty: 17 WARREN Municipality: 01 C GLENS FALLS Dates: JAN-01-2003 – DEC-31-2007 Street: LAWRENCE ST Links:30300 – 30301 Thru 30303 – 30304 *** Node: 30301 PROSPECT ST *** FEB-12-2007 MON 07:14AM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 1 Extent of Injuries: C Case: 2007-32116922 Accident Class: PROPERTY DAMAGE AND INJURY Police Agency: GLENS FALLS CITY PD Num of Veh: 2 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH MOTOR VEHICLE Traffic Control: STOP SIGN Manner of Collision: RIGHT ANGLE Weather: CLEAR Road Surface Condition: DRY Road Char.: STRAIGHT AND LEVEL Light Condition: DAYLIGHT Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 BUS Registered Weight: UNKNOWN State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 2 Driver’s Age: 71 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: SOUTH Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: STARTING IN TRAFFIC Apparent Factors:FAILURE TO YIELD RIGHT OF WAY UNKNOWN Truck/Bus Clsf.: NOT ENTERED Veh: 2 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 4500 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 32 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: EAST Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: GOING STRAIGHT AHEAD Apparent Factors:NOT APPLICABLE UNKNOWN *** Node: 30303 MCDONALD ST *** JAN-23-2007 TUE 05:58PM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 1 Extent of Injuries: C Case: 2007-32066572 Accident Class: PROPERTY DAMAGE AND INJURY Police Agency: GLENS FALLS CITY PD Num of Veh: 2 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH MOTOR VEHICLE Traffic Control: NONE Manner of Collision: REAR END Weather: CLEAR Road Surface Condition: DRY Road Char.: STRAIGHT AND LEVEL Light Condition: DARK-ROAD LIGHTED Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 3360 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: UNKNOWN Sex: UNKNOWN Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: NORTH Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: PARKED Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN Veh: 2 OTHER Registered Weight: UNKNOWN State of Registration: UNKNOWN Num of Occupants: 0 Driver’s Age: UNKNOWN Sex: UNKNOWN Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: NORTH Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: GOING STRAIGHT AHEAD Apparent Factors:PASSING OR LANE USAGE IMPROPERLY UNKNOWN SEP-09-2007 SUN 07:41PM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 2 Extent of Injuries: CC Case: 2007-32321661

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Accident Verbal Description Report Program:clas4200NYSDOT Safety Information Management SystemDate:All Accidents (Links & Nodes)Complete Accident Data From NYSDMV Is Only Available thru 31-OCT-2008Regn/Cnty: 17 WARREN Municipality: 01 C GLENS FALLS Dates: JAN-01-2003 – DEC-31-2007 Street: LAWRENCE ST Links:30300 – 30301 Thru 30303 – 30304 *** Node: 30303 MCDONALD ST (Continued) *** Accident Class: PROPERTY DAMAGE AND INJURY Police Agency: GLENS FALLS CITY PD Num of Veh: 2 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH MOTOR VEHICLE Traffic Control: TRAFFIC SIGNAL Manner of Collision: RIGHT ANGLE Weather: RAIN Road Surface Condition: WET Road Char.: STRAIGHT AND LEVEL Light Condition: DARK-ROAD LIGHTED Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 3266 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 28 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: YES Direction of Travel: NORTH Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: GOING STRAIGHT AHEAD Apparent Factors:ALCOHOL INVOLVEMENT FAILURE TO YIELD RI Veh: 2 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 3139 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 42 Sex: FEMALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: EAST Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: GOING STRAIGHT AHEAD Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN *** Node: 30304 PLATT ST *** MAR-15-2005 TUE 02:20PM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 0 Extent of Injuries: Case: 2005-31421019 Accident Class: PROPERTY DAMAGE Police Agency: NOT ENTERED Num of Veh: 2 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH MOTOR VEHICLE Traffic Control: NONE Manner of Collision: UNKNOWN Weather: CLEAR Road Surface Condition: WET Road Char.: STRAIGHT AND LEVEL Light Condition: DAYLIGHT Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 3208 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 53 Sex: FEMALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: SOUTH Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: GOING STRAIGHT AHEAD Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN Veh: 2 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 9900 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 45 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: NORTH Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: MAKING LEFT TURN Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN TOTAL NUMBER OF ACCIDENTS PRINTED: 4

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Accident Verbal Description Report Program:clas4200NYSDOT Safety Information Management SystemDate:All Accidents (Links & Nodes)Complete Accident Data From NYSDMV Is Only Available thru 31-OCT-2008Regn/Cnty: 17 WARREN Municipality: 01 C GLENS FALLS Dates: JAN-01-2003 – DEC-31-2007 Street: LAWRENCE ST Links:30300 – 30301 Thru 30303 – 30304 ABSENCE OF NODE OR LINK WITHIN A SPECIFIED ROADWAY SECTION + TIME PERIOD INDICATES NO ACCIDENTS FOUND *** END OF REPORT ***

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Accident Verbal Description Report Program:clas4200NYSDOT Safety Information Management SystemDate:All Accidents (Links & Nodes)Complete Accident Data From NYSDMV Is Only Available thru 31-OCT-2008Regn/Cnty: 17 WARREN Municipality: 01 C GLENS FALLS Dates: JAN-01-2003 – DEC-31-2007 Street: ORCHARD ST Links:23674 – 30308 Thru 30302 – 30335 *** Link: 23674 – 30308 *** NOV-08-2003 SAT 01:00AM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 0 Extent of Injuries: Case: 2003-31055211 Accident Class: PROPERTY DAMAGE Police Agency: NOT ENTERED Num of Veh: 2 Type of Accident: COLLISION WITH MOTOR VEHICLE Traffic Control: UNKNOWN Manner of Collision: REAR END Weather: UNKNOWN Road Surface Condition: UNKNOWN Road Char.: UNKNOWN Light Condition: UNKNOWN Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 2383 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 18 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: UNKNOWN Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: MAKING LEFT TURN Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN Veh: 2 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 3046 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 1 Driver’s Age: 36 Sex: MALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: UNKNOWN Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: UNKNOWN Apparent Factors:UNKNOWN UNKNOWN *** Link: 30302 – 30335 *** JUN-14-2005 TUE 07:47PM Persons Killed: 0 Persons Injured: 1 Extent of Injuries: C Case: 2005-31536046 Accident Class: INJURY Police Agency: GLENS FALLS CITY PD Num of Veh: 1 Type of Accident: COLL. W/LIGHT SUPPORT/UTILITY POLE Traffic Control: NONE Manner of Collision: OTHER Weather: CLOUDY Road Surface Condition: DRY Road Char.: STRAIGHT AND LEVEL Light Condition: DAYLIGHT Loc. of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Action of Ped/Bicycle: NOT APPLICABLE Veh: 1 CAR/VAN/PICKUP Registered Weight: 4995 State of Registration: NY Num of Occupants: 5 Driver’s Age: 20 Sex: FEMALE Citation Issued: NO Direction of Travel: NORTH-EAST Public Property Damage: NO School Bus Involved: NO Pre-Accd Action: BACKING Apparent Factors:DRIVER INATTENTION UNKNOWN TOTAL NUMBER OF ACCIDENTS PRINTED: 2 ABSENCE OF NODE OR LINK WITHIN A SPECIFIED ROADWAY SECTION + TIME PERIOD INDICATES NO ACCIDENTS FOUND *** END OF REPORT ***

Abraham Wing Elementary School Access Plan October 26, 2009
APPENDIX G
Walking School Bus Information

Why develop a walking school bus?
Studies show that fewer children are walking and biking to
school, and more children are at risk of becoming overweight.
Changing behaviors of children and parents require creative
solutions that are safe and fun.
Implementing a walking school bus can be both.
What is a walking school bus?
A walking school bus is a group of children walking to school
with one or more adults. If that sounds simple, it is, and that’s part
of the beauty of the walking school bus. It can be as informal as two fa
milies taking turns walking their
children to school to as structured as a route with meeting points, a ti
metable and a regularly rotated schedule of
trained volunteers.
A variation on the walking school bus is the bicycle train, in which adul
ts supervise children riding their bikes to school.
The flexibility of the walking school bus makes it appealing to communities of all sizes with varying needs.
Parents often cite safety issues as one of the primary reasons they are
reluctant to allow their children to walk to
school. Providing adult supervision may help reduce those worries for fa
milies who live within walking or bicycling
distance to school.
Starting simple
When beginning a walking school bus, remember that the program can alway
s grow. It often makes sense to start
with a small bus and see how it works. Pick a single neighborhood that
has a group of parents and children who
are interested. It’s like a carpool—without the car—with the added benefits of exercise and visits with friends and
neighbors. For an informal bus:
1. Invite families who live nearby to walk.
2. Pick a route and take a test walk.
3. Decide how often the group will walk
together.
4. Have fun!
When picking a route,
answer these four questions:
1. Do you have room to walk?
Are there sidewalks or paths?
Is there too much traffic?
2. Is it easy to cross the street?
3. Do drivers behave well?
Do they yield to walkers?
Do they speed?
4. Does the environment feel safe?
Are there loose dogs?
Is there criminal activity?

For more help identifying walkable routes, use the Walkability Checklist
that can be found at www.walktoschool.org/buildevent/checklists.cfm.
Starting a walking school bus:
the basics
Chester, VT
Apex, NC
www.walktoschool.org www.saferoutesinfo.org

Reaching more children
Success with a simple walking school bus or a desire to be more inclusiv
e may inspire a community to build a more
structured program. This may include more routes, more days of walking and more children. S
uch programs require
coordination, volunteers and potential attention to other issues, such a
s safety training and liability. The school
principal and administration, law enforcement and other community leader
s will likely be involved.
First, determine the amount of interest in a walking school
bus program. Contact potential participants and partners:
Parents and children Principal and school officials
Law enforcement officers Other community leaders
Second, identify the route(s).
The amount of interest will determine the number of walking routes.
Walk the route(s) without children first.
Third, identify a sufficient number of adults to
supervise walkers.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend
one adult for every six children. If children are age 10 or older ,
fewer adults may be needed. If children are ages 4 to 6, one
adult per three children is recommended.
Next, finalize the logistical details.
Who will participate?
How often will the walking school bus operate? Will the bus
operate once a week or every day?
When do children meet the bus? It’s important to allow
enough time for the slower pace of children, but also to
ensure that everyone arrives at school on time.
Where will the bus meet children—at each child’s home or at a few meeting spots?
Will the bus operate after school?
What training do volunteers need?
What safety training do children need? See “Walking School Bus: Guidelines for talking to children about pedestrian
safety” at http://www.walkingschoolbus.org/safety.pdf.
Finally, kick-off the program.
A good time to begin is during International Walk to School Month each October. Walk and look for ways to encourage
more children and families to be involved. Have fun!
For more detailed instructions on how to organize a walking school bus, go to:
How to Organize a Walking/Cycling School Bus, Go for Green Canada, http://www.goforgreen.ca/asrts. Pick
“English,” then “Tools and Resources.”
The walking bus: A safe way for children to walk to school, Friends of the Earth UK, http://www.foe.co.uk/
campaigns/transport/resource/parents.html
Walking School Bus – A Guide for Parents and Teachers, VicHealth Australia, http://www.vichealth.vic.gov.au. Select
“Local Government,” then “Walking School Bus.” Scroll to bottom to find link to download the guide.
KidsWalk-to-School Guide, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/
kidswalk/resources.htm
Sacramento, CA
Mill Valley, CA

Abraham Wing Elementary School Access Plan October 26, 2009
APPENDIX H
Excerpts from the AAA Safety Patrol Program Manual

AAA SCHOOL SAFETY PATROL
OPERATIONS
MANUAL

SCHOOL SAFETY PATROL OPERATIONS MANUAL
1
Message from AAA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Overview
Role of the Safety Patrol . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Forming Your Patrol
Partnerships
AAA role . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
School role . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Parent Teacher Association role . . . . .6
Law Enforcement role . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Community role . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Concerns
Safety of Patrols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
“Stranger Danger” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Securing Official School Authorization . . .9
Limiting Liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Organization, Training and Operation
Selecting the Patrol Supervisor . . . . . . .10
Selecting Patrol Members . . . . . . . . . . .11
Selection of Intersections . . . . . . . . . . .12
Parental Permission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13-14
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Officer Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Officer Duties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Length of Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Equipment Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Daily Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19Mechanics of the Street Patrol . . . . .19
Determining the Gap . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Record Keeping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Meetings
Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Agenda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Minutes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Supervision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
On Patrol
Role of Patrol
at Signalized Intersections . . .23
Bus Loading and Unloading . . . . . . . . .23
On the Bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Car Pools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Reporting Dangerous Practices . . . . . . .25
Role of Police . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Role of Adult Crossing Guards . . . . . . .26
Supporting Your Patrol Program
School Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Fundraising . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Discipline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Morale Building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Recognition Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Lifesaving Award Medal . . . . . . . . . .30
National Patroller of the Year . . . . . .31
Related Programs and Resources
School’s Open Drive Safely . . . . . . . . . .32
Best Route to School . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Top Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
Table of Contents

SCHOOL SAFETY PATROL OPERATIONS MANUAL
2
Proud AAA tradition
AAA School Safety Patrols play an important role in helping young pedestrians learn and
fulfill responsibilities regarding traffic safety.
Millions of U.S. boys and girls have honorably served their classmates since the AAA
School Safety Patrol program was started in the early 1920s. Interest in the program has
spread around the world. At least 30 other countries, including New Zealand, the
Netherlands, England, Germany and France, have emulated the AAA School Safety Patrol
program. The experience is the same — a reduction in traffic death rates.
Boys and girls who contribute their time as AAA School Safety Patrols deserve special thanks
for their efforts. AAA recognizes the AAA School Safety Patrol program as an outstanding
school safety activity. We commend school personnel who administer the programs and law
enforcement officials who contribute to the success of programs in their communities.
For more than 75 years, AAA clubs have proudly sponsored, promoted and aided AAA
School Safety Patrol programs as a community service in the interest of safety for all
schoolchildren. AAA clubs have been the leading non-school civic agencies active in patrol
work in most communities. During its long and distinguished history, the AAA School
Safety Patrol program has provided a safer pedestrian environment and a wide spectrum
of educational opportunities for millions of children. AAA has provided the means for the
patrol to succeed.
This manual will serve as a resource to community organizations, school administrators
and supervisors who are coordinating AAA School Safety Patrol programs. The policies
and practices presented in this manual are the result of the combined efforts of several
national educational, law enforcement and safety organizations. It represents the
cumulative experience of AAA School Safety Patrol operations in every corner of the
United States.
Consistent, uniform operating procedures across the country are essential for the motorist
and pedestrian to know what to expect. For this reason, uniform AAA School Safety Patrol
identification and operating procedures are highly recommended.
Robert L. Darbelnet,
AAA President and CEO
Foreword

SCHOOL SAFETY PATROL OPERATIONS MANUAL
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Role of the School Safety Patrol
AAA School Safety Patrols are school-sponsored student volunteers from upper elementary,
middle, and junior high schools.
Patrols direct children, not traffic. As school-age leaders in traffic safety, patrol members
teach other students about traffic safety on a peer-to-peer basis. They also serve as role
models for younger children who look up to them.
School Safety Patrol members:
• Complete training in traffic safety
• Protect students from the hazards of crossing roads and highways on their
way to and from school
• Assist bus drivers in safely transporting students to and from school
• Teach fellow students about traffic safety.
• Serve other leadership functions under the direction of school officials
Typically, teachers and principals appoint Patrol members, who participate with parental
approval. A teacher usually serves as patrol supervisor.
Overview

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History
As members of AAA School Safety Patrols, students have protected their classmates
since 1916.
In the 1930s, three national organizations: the American Automobile Association, the
National Congress of Parents and Teachers, and the National Safety Council —
collaborated on Standard Rules for the Operation of School Boy Patrols. These guidelines
have been updated over the years to become the operating standards for AAA School
Safety Patrols.
Today, more than 50,000 schools sponsor patrols, protecting pedestrians and school bus
riders in all 50 states.
School safety patrol members have grown up to be U.S. presidents, governors, members
of Congress, Supreme Court justices, astronauts, and Olympic medalists, as well as
educators, executives, and community leaders throughout the country.
As the value of the program has gained recognition, two national awards have been
introduced. Lifesaving Awards debuted in 1945. The Patroller of the Year award was first
bestowed in 2002. For more information, please refer to pages 30-31.
Overview

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Benefits
AAA School Safety Patrols benefit students, schools, and communities.
Students gain:
• Safety awareness
• Leadership
• Teamwork
• Pride
• Citizenship
• Respect for law enforcement
Schools benefit from opportunities to promote:
• Traffic safety awareness
• Peer-to-peer education
• Character-building opportunities
• A constructive outlet for students’ energy
• A positive relationship with parents, law enforcement, and the
overall community
Communities benefit from:
• Safer environments for pedestrians and motorists
• A spirit of volunteerism and civic-mindedness
• A positive collaboration between students, parents, schools, and
law enforcement
Overview

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Partnerships
The most effective patrol programs come from a strong partnership between AAA,
schools, Parent Teacher Associations, law enforcement, and the community.
The role of AAA:
• Sponsorship
• Traffic Safety Education and awareness presentations
• Public outreach and recognition
• Source for resources, such as equipment
• Source of patrol guidelines
The role of the school:
• Supervisors are responsible for implementation of school safety patrols in
elementary schools within their school system.
• Principals appoint teachers to serve as patrol supervisors
• Area patrol supervisors meet to exchange best practices
The role of the Parent Teacher Association (where applicable):
• Support of the school’s patrol program, including recognition programs
• Sponsors equipment and training
• Liaison between the school and the community
The role of law enforcement:
• Advisor to the program
• Advocate on behalf of the patrol to motorists and the community
• Contribute to training and development of patrols
The role of the community:
• Civic organizations may provide recognition and community awareness
programs
• These organizations could include
– Police auxiliary
– Women’s clubs
– School booster clubs
– American Legion posts
– Other safety or civic groups
Forming Your Patrol

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Concerns
Safety of Patrols
The safety of Patrols should be achieved through training on traffic safety, operation, and the
responsibilities of each post; dedicated adult supervision; and regular inspections help protect
safety patrols.
To remain safe on duty, patrol members must remain at their assigned posts and always
properly display their belts and badges.
Patrollers are trained to seek adult help in the following examples of specific traffic situations:
• Parked cars blocking the view of an intersection
• Parked cars blocking school bus stop or student loading or unloading zone
• Failure of motorists to obey traffic control device
• Suspicious activity by adult or older students
• Vehicles turning at T-intersections
• Wrong-way traffic on one-way streets
• Emergencies and injuries
• Electrical wires down near the patrol post
• Domestic or wild animal threats
• Student fights
• Emergency vehicle response near the post.
• Any situation beyond the realm of the daily operation of duties at a
patrol post
Forming Your Patrol

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Concerns (continued)
“Stranger Danger”
Patrol members are trained to report problems with strangers to the patrol supervisor,
teachers, parents, and/or law enforcement. These “Stranger Danger” precautions are part
of patrol training:
Patrol members should be trained to never:
• Approach cars or allow other students to approach unknown motorists
• Accept candy or presents from strangers
• Help strangers with directions or search for a lost pet
• Allow their photos to be taken
• Divulge their name, address, phone number, or other family information
Patrol members are trained to seek immediate help if:
• They encounter someone who appears to be under the influence of drugs
or alcohol
• They become suspicious of the behavior of older students or adults
• They are followed
Patrol members learn that if they are grabbed by a stranger, they should make as much
noise as possible.
Forming Your Patrol

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Securing Official School Authorization
Before school principals institute the AAA School Safety Patrol program, they must obtain
approval from the school superintendent or school board.
The approval process will vary according to community and school system requirements. In
some cases, principals may seek support for the program from community organizations.
Although most superintendents are familiar with patrols in general, they may not
understand the details of operation.
To gain support in the community and in the school system, a principal introducing a patrol
should be prepared to:
• Identify community needs
• Present the patrol’s objectives
• Explain operational requirements
• Outline available resources that will support the program
Limiting Liability
• Create a statement of purpose that outlines the objectives of a school safety patrol program
• Grant authority to principals or supervisors of safety education or transportation to
maintain safety patrols and establish rules and regulations for their supervision
• Limit the age group from which patrols may be selected and determine any exclusions
from participation, such as health concerns
• Extend the same protection to the school safety patrol, supervisors, and those involved
in the program that applies to other student volunteer programs
• Provide guidelines to ensure consistency between patrol programs so students benefit
equally from participation
• Each school should develop a policy regarding times when school safety patrollers
should not be on post due to inclement weather
Forming Your Patrol

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Selecting the Patrol Supervisor
The School Safety Patrol Supervisor is a responsible adult, typically a teacher, appointed
by the school principal to oversee the patrol. More than any other individual, the School
Safety Patrol Supervisor determines the success of the program.
The ideal supervisor demonstrates:
• A strong belief in the value of the program
• Knowledge of traffic safety
• Leadership
• Organizational skills
• People skills, including the ability to share praise and constructive criticism
• Ability to inspire confidence and respect
• Dependability
• Ability to establish rapport with students, school leaders, the community,
and law enforcement
Supervisor duties include:
• Serving as the source of information on all aspects of the program
• Selecting patrol members and assigning duties
• Training all patrol members, including officers
• Supervising all patrol operations
• Conducting training sessions, reviews, and administrative meetings
• Advising all adult sponsoring committees on the patrol’s activities
Organization, Training and Operation
Determining Patrol Size
Schools should work with the traffic engineering agency in their area to make the proper
determinations regarding the number of patrols that should be assigned at various
intersections. A traffic specialist can provide traffic data, conduct traffic studies, evaluate
information about the school and help to implement safety procedures for students
walking to and from school. The analysis can be used to plan school safety patrol posts
where they can operate satsifactorily, keeping in mind the age and developmental nature
of Patrol membership. Busy crossings require more than one Patrol member. Occasionally
it will be found best NOT to use the same crossing place to-school pupil traffic as is used
for from-school traffic, because of changes in traffic volumes and direction at different
times of day.

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Selecting Patrol Members
AAA encourages the formation of a patrol force that is just large enough to fulfill the needs
of the school. Coordination is much easier with a smaller group. After determining the
optimum size of the patrol a school needs, choose members based on demonstrated:
• Leadership
• Maturity
• Reliability
• Ability to follow rules
• Punctuality
• Health (or ability to perform duties)
• Interest in traffic safety
• Sound judgment
• Good attendance record
• Courtesy
• Respect for classmates and others
• Desire to help others
Select reserve patrol members to ensure trained patrol members are available at all times.
Organization, Training and Operation

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Selection of Intersections
In selecting intersections for posts, gather recommendations from:
• School personnel
• Law enforcement
• Bus drivers
• Area businesses
• PTA officials
Review coverage annually. New roads or subdivisions and changes in bus or walking
patterns may change patrol needs.
Assign patrol posts based on:
• Intersections near the school
• The side of the street from which students approach
• Traffic direction and density
• Nearness of the post to patrol member’s home
Parental Permission
Students must have permission from parents or guardians to participate in the patrol program.
When they understand the educational value, service, and character-building aspects of
the program, most parents are proud to give their permission for participation.
AAA can provide a special consent form which explains the aims, objectives, and
operation of the AAA School Safety Patrol. This standard form also contains the
membership application and pledge taken by patrol members.
Organization, Training and Operation

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Training
Thorough training is an absolute requirement. Training may take place in school or special
summer camps.
Trainers can be the Patrol Supervisor, a AAA representative, or a law enforcement officer.
When possible, train new patrol members for the upcoming year before the end of the
prior year. Schedule refresher training for both new and veteran members should be
provided before the school year begins.
Information to cover in your training:
• Fundamentals of traffic safety
• Duties of each patrol post
• Identifying sufficient gaps in traffic to allow safe crossing
• Special hazards
• Dealing with pedestrians
• School bus safety procedures
• Safety procedures on school grounds
• Maintaining records (for officers)
School training may be conducted as:
• Classes
• On-the-job personal direction
• Written guidelines and oral or written quizzes
• Joint clinics held in cooperation with other schools and involving new and
veteran members
• Viewing of training videos from the local AAA club or AAA Foundation for
Traffic Safety followed by discussion
• Diagramming a duty corner and highlighting hazards and a patrol plan for
the specific crossing
• School bus drills
Training methods can be used individually or in combination.
Because officers take on more responsibility and have more complex duties, most schools
provide additional training for incoming officers.
Some communities schedule a Patrol Member Training Camp over summer vacation. This
camp may be open to all patrol members or officers.
Organization, Training and Operation

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Training (continued)
Camps are ideally scheduled just before school reopens so the training is fresh in the
minds of patrol members on the first day of school.
Camps combine traffic safety education with fun activities. Classes may be taught by law
enforcement, safety experts, and representatives from your local AAA club. Veteran patrol
members also may lead discussion sessions or conduct role-playing exercises.
Most camps end with an exam and “graduation” ceremony in which successful trainees
receive certificates, pins, and a training camp T-shirt.
Civic organizations and PTAs may cover fees for training camps.
Organization, Training and Operation

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Installation
A formal installation ceremony instills pride and reinforces the importance of your patrol’s
service to the school and community.
Many schools make the installation part of a school assembly or PTA meeting. Some
schools broadcast their installation ceremony on educational or public Television. Your
school district’s information officer may help you promote your ceremony.
Consider inviting the mayor, city official, school officer, a representative from law enforcement
or AAA. Your visiting dignitary may be invited to lead the pledge and present badges.
Reciting the AAA School Safety Patrol Pledge (see appendix), or creating your own
school-specific pledge, is an easy but powerful way to create a spirit of shared
responsibility and teamwork.
AAA can provide a safety patrol ID card (see appendix) that includes the standard pledge.
These cards can be presented at installation, along with badges, belts and other equipment.
Organization, Training and Operation

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Officer Selection
The Patrol Supervisor selects officers. The supervisor may do this individually or by
supervising an election by patrol members. Officers generally serve for one semester.
Typically, a patrol has a captain, lieutenant, and a sergeant. The size of the patrol unit
determines the number of officers needed. Patrol officers take on additional responsibility
and help lead activities. Officers also must be trained to substitute for any post. One of the
lieutenants becomes acting captain when the captain is not available for duty.
Encourage officers to rely upon respect and cooperation, rather than authority. Specific
officer duties are outlined later in the manual.
Officer Duties
Captains are responsible for:
• Preparing reports for the Patrol Supervisor
• Proposing the agenda for patrol meetings
• Assigning posts
• Monitoring patrol performance
• Presenting safety talks to younger classes
• Enforcing all patrol rules
• Ensuring patrol members maintain and wear belts and badges
• Arranging for substitutes as needed
• Maintaining the Captain’s Record Book
Lieutenants are responsible for:
• Acting for the captain, as assigned
• Assisting the captain in checking posts and buses
• Contributing to operational reports
• Filling in for absent patrol members
The Sergeant is responsible for:
• Acting as unit secretary
• Maintaining the patrol bulletin board
• Inventorying equipment and recommending repairs, replacements,
and acquisitions
Organization, Training and Operation

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Length of Service
AAA recommends that schools appoint a set number of patrols to serve all year with a
selection of alternates to fill in when regular members are absent. Assign only the
necessary number of patrols to a single post.
Being a school safety patrol should be considered “special”. Do not make everyone in the
class a patrol. This dilutes the special feeling of being selected a patrol and seriously
limits resources.
Organization, Training and Operation

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Equipment
The two identifying pieces of equipment for safety patrol members are:
• Official patrol belts
• Badges pinned to the shoulder strap of the belt at chest level
Schools also may provide additional equipment, such as ponchos, caps, and flags.
Assigned equipment should be documented. Officers must maintain a roster with each
patrol member’s name and a notation of equipment provided to them.
Please contact your local AAA club for specific ordering information.
Equipment: Care
Each patrol member must wear a belt and badge when on duty. Assign a sergeant to see
that patrol members are accountable for the care of equipment assigned to them. It is the
sergeant’s responsibility to keep a daily record of the condition of this school property.
Equipment includes:
• Belts • Flags • Ponchos
• Badges • Caps
The sergeant responsible for equipment works with the captain and patrol sponsor to
order replacement equipment. Equipment which is lost or misplaced must be replaced.
Worn out equipment should be destroyed.
Encourage students to refer to the Patrol Member Handbook for proper wear and care of
Patrol equipment.
Organization, Training and Operation
Note: AAA has studied roadside visibility issues and is researching ways to
improve existing equipment to increase the visibility of AAA School
Safety Patrols to approaching motorists.

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19
Daily Operations
Schools should distribute the list of patrollers to staff and train patrol members to leave
their classes quietly and report to an assigned patrol assembly point.
The patrol captain or lieutenant:
• Takes attendance
• Ensures that all members are wearing their belts and badges
• Verifies that all posts are covered.
• Reminds patrol members to walk quietly and carefully to their posts
Mechanics of the Street Patrol
“Mechanics” are defined as the process, moves, and maneuvers of a patroller on duty.
The basic mechanics are:
• Arrive at your post early
• Determine how to judge a safe gap for your posted position
• Take a position at least one step back from the curb (or edge of the
street), arms down at a 45 degree angle, palms facing back
• Check all directions for traffic
• Keep students a safe distance from traffic
• Keep arms and palms positioned to hold all students from traffic until there
is a safe gap
• Never allow students to walk in front of a car that stops to allow them to cross
• Step aside and motion students across the street
• Continue to monitor traffic, when the safe gap ends, cut the flow of students
A patrol member should only step into the street far enough to see around an obstruction.
Organization, Training and Operation

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Determining the Gap
The first important duty of patrol members is to determine a safe gap in traffic. The patrol
captain or supervisor will assist patrol members in determining when there is a break in
traffic that will allow students to safely cross the street.
To determine a safe gap, patrol members judge:
• Speed of vehicles
• Traffic volume
• Road and weather conditions
• Number of lanes of traffic
• Time required for small children to cross the street
To establish a safe gap:
• Walk across the street at normal speed when there is no traffic
• Count the seconds to cross safely and add five seconds to allow for
students who start across later than the lead student
• Pick a fixed point – such as a mailbox or signpost – about 1000 feet from
the student crossing point
• When a vehicle passes this point, count the seconds until the vehicle
reaches the crossing
Patrol members must pay attention to parked cars that may enter traffic, and vehicles that
may come from driveways or alleys.
To determine gaps at intersections with signals:
• On average, it takes 10 seconds for a child to cross
• If the signal remains green for 30 seconds, count 20 seconds, then stop
students from crossing until the next green light
Record Keeping
AAA provides two resources that help captains standardize recordkeeping: the Captain’s
Record Book and the Monthly Patrol Record Form.
The Captain maintains the Captain’s Record Book. Patrol records should cover:
• Daily attendance
• Number of times a patrol member is late
• Number of times a patrol member fails to wear proper equipment
Organization, Training and Operation

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Meetings
Procedures
Schedule meetings twice a month. At least once a month, the school safety officer should
attend. It also may be appropriate to invite the principal, police, adult crossing guards and
bus drivers.
When conducting a meeting, follow parliamentary procedure, which is a set of widely
accepted rules that give meetings structure and order. Procedure books such as the
popular, Robert’s Rules of Ordercan be found in local public libraries.
The Patrol Captain presides at all meetings. The Lieutenant presides in the Captain’s
absence.
Patrol members wear belts and badges to meetings.
Agenda
Patrol officers should plan an agenda focused on both old and new patrol business.
Below is a sample agenda, incorporating parliamentary procedure:
• Call to order
• Pledge of Allegiance
• Roll call and inspection
• Secretary reads minutes of previous meeting
• Captain corrects or approves minutes
• Old business from previous meeting completed
• New business discussed
• Contributions from guests
• Training
• Captain requests motion to adjourn
• Captain asks for motion to be seconded
• Captain states the motion and asks for “ayes” and “nays”
• Captain officially adjourns the meeting (and may announce time and date
of next meeting)
Organization, Training and Operation

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Meetings(continued)
Minutes
The secretary records meetings in a consistent format. A completed set of minutes is
signed by the secretary and becomes part of the official record of the patrol.
Elements which must be in the minutes:
• School name
• Date and time of meeting
• Attendance
• Results of inspection
• Summary of old business
• Summary of new business
• Additional comments/contributions from guests
(such as police officers, principals)
• Additional information (for example, training or recognition)
• Time meeting was dismissed
The secretary signs meeting minutes before turning them in to the captain.
Supervision
Overall responsibility for the patrol rests with the Patrol Supervisor.
On a daily basis, the Captain assigns posts, enforces rules, arranges for substitutes, and
maintains discipline.
The Captain is assisted by Lieutenants and a Sergeant.
Organization, Training and Operation

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Role of Patrol at Signalized Intersections
Only police officers or adult crossing guards can stop vehicles.Patrol members
have specific duties based on their posts.
Duties of patrol members:
• Stand on the sidewalk, at least one step back from the curb and midway
between crosswalk lines
• Watch traffic flow and children approaching
• At red lights, signal students not to enter the intersection by holding arms
down at 45-degree angle to the body
• At green lights, determine all approaching traffic has stopped before
allowing students to cross
• Check traffic in all directions for a suitable gap and then permit children
to cross
• Before the light changes back to red, return to the outstretched arms
position to prevent children from being caught in the middle of
the intersection
Bus Loading and Unloading
Bus stop patrol is an important duty. Students often arrive at bus stops early and may not
pay attention to traffic while waiting.
School officials should encourage students to arrive no earlier than 10 minutes before the bus
is scheduled to arrive. The school also should designate a waiting area away from the road.
The bus stop patrol:
• Keeps students out of the street and away from traffic
• Lines students up for boarding when the bus arrives
• Assists small students in boarding the bus
• Checks the bus stop to ensure no belongings are left behind
• If a school bus must be evacuated, safety patrols may assist bus drivers.
If a bus driver is incapacitated, the patrol may direct the evacuation.
On Patrol

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On the Bus
Assign one to three patrol members to a bus. They remain seated when the bus is moving.
Front patrol members sit in the right front seat of the bus and:
• Disembark at all regular stops to assist students entering and leaving the bus
• Assist the driver in keeping objects out of the aisles
• Remind students to keep heads and arms inside the bus
• Reaffirm the track is clear at railroad crossings
Middle patrol members sit in the middle of the bus and:
• Monitor student noise and behavior
• Keep students seated and aisles clear
• Remind students to keep arms and heads inside the bus
• Assist loading and unloading
Rear patrol members sit near the back emergency door and:
• Check the bus for articles left behind by students
• Operate the rear emergency door in case of emergency
Carpools
Some schools place patrols at pick-up and drop-off spots in front of the school to
protect carpoolers.
Patrol members assigned to these positions:
• Help students enter and exit vehicles safely
• Assist small children and students whose arms are full
• Monitor students and keep them on the sidewalk until traffic has stopped
• Direct students to proceed in an orderly fashion from the parking lot to
the school
On Patrol
Note: Bus Patrol members are typically students from the first bus stops
in the morning and the last bus stops in the evening that provide
assistance to the bus driver for the entire route.

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Reporting Dangerous Practices
Part of the pledge school patrollers take is a promise to “report dangerous student
practices.” Just what are those practices? A dangerous practice endangers students.
When a patrol member observes a dangerous practice they should:
• Politely explain the risk to the offender (if it is another student)
• Seek an adult if the behavior continues
• Only touch another student in an emergency
• Report dangerous situations to a patrol officer or Patrol Supervisor for
follow-up
If another patrol member is involved in a dangerous practice, this should be reported to
the Patrol Supervisor. Individual school system guidelines should be in place to handle
such disciplinary actions, including probation, suspension and dismissal.
Role of Police
In many communities, law enforcement officers work directly with patrols. They serve as
safety patrol coordinators who contribute to operations, training, and development.
Law enforcement can make an important contribution to the success of your patrol
program, including:
• Promoting motorist awareness of patrols
• Promoting community respect for patrols
• Contributing to patrol training
Only police officers and adult crossing guards can stop vehicles.
On Patrol

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Role of Adult Crossing Guards
Adult crossing guards may be assigned to high-traffic areas. They can help create safe
gaps in traffic, control turning traffic, and assist large groups of children crossing busy
intersections. They are typically community employees supervised by law enforcement.
Adult crossing guards are typically assigned to:
• High-traffic streets with safe gaps more than a minute apart
• Signalized intersections where turning automobiles are a hazard
• Crossings near schools with a high volume of walking students
• Locations where 85 percent of the traffic speed exceeds the speed limit
• Areas of reduced visibility
• School districts with inadequate school route plans
• Locations beyond the capability of student patrols
Patrols can be deployed to assist an Adult Crossing Guard. This is particularly useful at
wide crossings or locations with heavy pedestrian volumes. The adult crossing guard and
the police will establish procedures consistent with guidelines for patrol deployment
described in this manual.
On Patrol

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School Support
The more importance and visibility the school gives to the AAA School Safety Patrol, the
more the potential benefit. The program deserves recognition as:
• A safety measure
• A character-building program
• As a leadership development program
• Citizenship and volunteerism in action
• A real-world “lab” that teaches life skills such as teamwork, responsibility,
problem-solving, and effective communication
• Means to enhance rapport between students and authority figures (school
officers, law enforcement)
• A program that creates positive role models for younger students
• An opportunity for students to learn about traffic safety and the rules of
interfacing with traffic
Schools should encourage teachers to participate, involve the PTA and community groups,
and make the recognition of the contribution made by the AAA School Safety Patrol a priority.
Fundraising
Schools across the country have raised funds for their school safety patrols by:
• Hosting a movie for students and selling popcorn
• Holding a bake sale
• Contacting fundraising companies that provide sale items
• Creating buttons or stickers for a small cost
• Offering a gift-wrapping service at the holidays
• Car washes
• Collecting recyclables
• Setting up a compost heap “fed” by classrooms and the cafeteria each
day. Sell bags of fertilizer in the spring
• Obtaining plants or seedlings from the parks department and selling them
to the community
• Setting up a booth at a town street fair or similar community celebration
and providing face-painting or simple goods or services
• Holding a safety fair and inviting AAA, the Red Cross and other safety
organizations to participate
• Challenging students to a walk-a-thon, bike-a-thon (with helmets!) or
bowl-a-thon and asking sponsors to pledge contributions
Supporting Your Patrol Program

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Discipline
Patrol members must understand there are serious consequences for breaking rules. Most
patrols maintain discipline with a merit/demerit system. Parents should be advised prior to
any disciplinary action.
Merit points are awarded for:
• Work in addition to regular duty
• Conducting safety talks to classes
• Making constructive suggestions
• Additional contributions to teamwork
Demerit points are awarded for:
• Attempting to direct traffic
• Leaving the sidewalk
• Allowing children to cross without ensuring the way is clear
• Leaving their post without permission
• Being tardy or absent without an acceptable reason
• Behavior unbecoming a patroller
• Arriving for duty without badge or belt
• Breaking safety rules
• Disobedience
By accumulating merit points, a patrol member may earn more important assignments.
Accumulating demerits may result in suspension or dismissal from the patrol.
Supporting Your Patrol Program

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Morale Building
A key duty of the Patrol Supervisor is to maintain enthusiasm and commitment to the
program. Attention by the school and ownership by students keep morale high.
It is important for schools to recognize the educational value and service of the entire
school patrol.
Many schools recognize this service with certificates of appreciation, merit pins, and
thank-yous to the school patrol in school newsletters and Web sites.
Schools also may ask area businesses for small contributions, such as gift certificates or
coupons for patrol members. Examples of gifts may include inexpensive raincoats or
watches, or catering for a recognition luncheon or dinner.
Activities that may be introduced to build Safety Patrol pride and morale include:
• Reserving a section of the school newsletter or school web site for safety
patrol news
• Assigning a display or bulletin board to the patrol
• Writing personalized notes of appreciation to parents
• Introducing and thanking the patrol at assembly
• Involving the student council in recognition activities
• Creating a safety patrol honor guard
• Hosting an annual patrol luncheon or dinner
• Proclaiming AAA School Safety Patrol Day or Patrol Appreciation Day at a
local attraction
• Promoting a friendly sporting competition between neighboring patrols
• Establishing a special weekly play period for patrol members
• Offering refreshments such as hot chocolate or ice cream to patrol members
• Hosting special events such as pizza parties, movie outings, sporting
events, or end-of-year picnics
Supporting Your Patrol Program

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Recognition Programs
AAA makes available award certificates and a pin that can be presented at school
assemblies or celebrations. Contact your local AAA Club for details.
Certificates of Meritare available for students who satisfactorily complete service as a
patrol member.
Service Pinin silver is available for outstanding service while a patrol member.
There are two national awards programs to recognize the efforts of AAA School Safety
Patrollers: The Lifesaving Award Medal and the National Patroller of the Year.
Lifesaving Award Medal
In 1949, AAA held the first Lifesaving Medal Awards to recognize those Safety Patrollers
who while on duty saved a life or prevented the injury of a fellow student. As we approach
2005, over 380 students have been presented with prestigious honor.
The Lifesaving Medal is awarded by an independent review board to a member of any
authorized School Safety Patrol when there is conclusive proof that:
1. The life of the person saved was in imminent danger;
2. The act was performed while the patrol member was on duty, going to or from
a duty post, or while on duty as a bus patrol member;
3. No negligence on the part of the patrol member caused or contributed to the
person rescued being in danger.
The AAA Lifesaving Medal has been presented by U.S. Presidents Ford, Johnson,
Kennedy and Eisenhower; Vice Presidents Mondale, Humphrey, Nixon and Barkley;
First Lady Mamie Eisenhower; justices of the U.S. Supreme Court; cabinet officials; and
other dignitaries.
Supporting Your Patrol Program

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Recognition Programs (continued)
National Patroller of the Year
In 2002, AAA introduced the National Patroller of the Year Award to recognize the patroller
that best exemplifies leadership qualities and performs their duties effectively and
responsibly, without incident. The National Patroller of the Year is selected from the field of
Club Patrollers of the Year that our nominated by local AAA clubs.
School Safety Patrol advisers may nominate one current-year patrol member with the
following qualifications. The candidate must:
• Be enrolled in the highest participating grade level of the School Safety Patrol
• Demonstrate leadership qualities, safety skills, school involvement, and
citizenship/volunteerism
• Value the patrol experience
Contact your local AAA Club for details
Supporting Your Patrol Program

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Resources
School’s Open Drive Safely
For more than 50 years, AAA has sponsored the School’s Open – Drive Safely campaign.
The goal of this awareness campaign is to reduce the number of traffic crashes involving
school-age pedestrians and school bus riders by reminding drivers to be extra-cautious.
Participating schools may obtain colorful posters for display and other “School’s Open”
items. Contact your local AAA Club for details.
Best Route to School
Safety experts at AAA have developed 10 rules that help parents and children determine the
Best Route to School. Use the following tips to aid AAA School Safety Patrols in the
promotion of safe walking practices to fellow students:
•Walk on sidewalks:Watch out for cars pulling into, and backing out of driveways
•Walk on the left facing traffic if there are no sidewalks:Staying to the left allows you to
watch oncoming traffic and get out of the way if necessary
•Cross only at corners:Avoid the dangerous practice of “jaywalking.” Cross at an
intersection controlled by a traffic light wherever possible
•Stop and look all ways before crossing:If there’s no traffic light, wait until oncoming
cars are at least a block away before crossing
•Watch For Turning Cars:Children sometimes forget to look and unintentionally walk into
the side of a turning vehicle
•Continue to look left, right and left again as you cross:It’s easy to miss an oncoming car
•Never cross between parked cars:It’s almost impossible for drivers to see youngsters
who enter the roadway from between parked cars
•Play away from traffic:Playgrounds, schoolyards and your own backyard are the safest
places to play
•Be especially alert in bad weather:Rain, snow, fog and even umbrellas can obstruct
vision. Also, drivers may be unable to stop quickly. Children should wear brightly
colored and retro-reflective clothing
•Obey police officers, adult crossing guards, AAA Safety Patrol members, and traffic
signals:These “safety guardians” can greatly enhance a child’s safety when going to
and from school
Related Programs and Resources

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Resources (continued)
Check with your local AAA club for safety patrol equipment, materials, and awards to
support your AAA School Safety Patrol Program. Available materials may include:
Printed Materials, Guides and Forms
• Handbooks
• Brochures
• Manuals
• Captain’s Record Book
• Policies and Practices
Recognition Awards
• Certificates
• Patches
• Pins
Patrol Equipment
• Belts
• Badges
• Patrol Hats
• Ponchos
• Flags
Related Programs and Resources

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Top Tips
• Solicit contributions and expertise from Parent Teacher Associations or Parent Teacher
Organizations, bus drivers, teachers, traffic and safety experts, and law enforcement
• Dedicate a section of the school newsletter or Web site to school safety patrol news
and highlight a patrol member each month
• Encourage communication between patrols by arranging get-togethers, such as shared
training or recognition events
• Reward patrol members with ice cream, hot chocolate, or a meal hosted by Parent
Teacher Associations or Parent Teacher Organizations
• Dedicate an exhibit case or bulletin board to school safety patrol information; including
a map with posts identified. Add a photo of the patrol member assigned to each post
• Write a thank-you note to the members of your school safety patrol and their parents
Related Programs and Resources

Quick Reference Checklist
❏Contact your local AAA Club
❏Develop partnerships with the School, AAA, PTA, Law
enforcement, and the community
❏Secure official school authorization
❏Establish policies and procedures
❏Select Patrol Supervisor
❏Select Patrol Members and obtain parental permission
❏Select posts and intersections for duty
❏Train Patrol Members on equipment care, procedures
and standards
❏Select officers
❏Assign duties and posts
❏School announcements
❏Installation of Patrol
How to begin a AAA School Safety Patrol
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Traffic Safety Programs